TUCOWS INC /PA/ MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (form 10-K)

OVERVIEW

Our mission is to offer easy helpful companies that assist individuals unlock the
energy of the Internet.

We accomplish this by decreasing the complexity of our prospects’ expertise as
they entry the Internet (at dwelling or on the go) and whereas utilizing Internet
companies resembling area title registration, electronic mail and different Internet companies.
During the primary quarter of 2021, the Company accomplished a reorganization of its
reporting construction into three working and reportable segments: Fiber Internet
Services, Mobile Services and Domain Services. Previously, we disclosed two
working and reportable segments: Network Access Services and Domain Services.
The change to our reportable working segments was the results of a shift in our
enterprise and administration constructions that was initiated in 2020 and accomplished
through the first quarter of 2021. The operations supporting what was beforehand
referred to as our Network Access Services phase have change into more and more distinct
between our cellular companies (which incorporates each retail cellular MNVO based mostly
companies and wholesale MSE companies) and our fiber Internet companies which had been
additionally included in our Network Access Services phase. We at the moment are each organized
and managed, and in addition report our monetary outcomes as three segments: Fiber
Internet Services, Mobile Services and Domain Services. The three segments are
differentiated primarily by their companies, the markets they serve and the
regulatory environments during which they function.

Our principal place of job is positioned in Canada. We handle our enterprise as
three segments: Fiber Internet Services – which primarily derives income from
Fiber Internet companies and billing options to small ISPs, Mobile Services –
which primarily derives revenues from three distinct service choices together with
retail cellular companies, platform companies {and professional} companies, and Domain
Services – which derives income from three distinct service choices
together with wholesale area companies, wholesale worth added companies and retail.
To help us in forecasting development and to assist us monitor the effectiveness of
our operational methods, our administration frequently opinions revenues, value of
revenues, gross revenue and adjusted EBITDA as a key measure of phase
efficiency with a purpose to achieve extra depth and understanding of the important thing enterprise
metrics driving our enterprise. Effective January 1, 2022, our present Mobile
Services phase will likely be renamed to the communication service suppliers (“CSPs”)
Platform Services phase, and not embody the 10-year cost stream on
transferred legacy subscribers earned as a part of the DISH Purchase Agreement as
effectively because the retail sale of cell phones, retail telephony companies and
transition companies, all of which aren’t thought-about part of our core enterprise
operations with the shift from MVNO to MSE. The renamed CSP Platform Services
phase will proceed to include our MSE {and professional} companies product
choices; since branded as Wavelo, in addition to the billing options to Internet
service suppliers (“ISPs”), that was beforehand reported beneath Fiber Internet
Services phase. The Fiber phase will now solely include the working outcomes
of our retail excessive velocity Internet entry operations, excluding the billing
options moved to the brand new CSP Platform Services phase. The product choices
included within the Domain Services phase will stay unchanged.

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, we reported income
of $304 million, $311 million and $337 million, respectively.

Fiber Internet Services

Fiber Internet Services consists of the supply of fastened high-speed Internet
entry companies and different revenues, together with billing options to small ISPs.

The Company additionally derives income from the sale of fastened high-speed Internet
entry, Ting Internet, in choose cities all through the United States, with
additional enlargement underway to each new and present Ting cities. Our main
gross sales channel of Ting Internet is thru the Ting web site. The main focus of
Ting Internet is to offer dependable Gigabit Internet companies to client and
enterprise prospects. Revenues from Ting Internet are all generated within the U.S.
and are supplied on a month-to-month foundation. Ting Internet companies haven’t any fastened
contract phrases.

As of December 31, 2021, Ting Internet had entry to 82,000 serviceable
addresses and 26,000 energetic accounts beneath its administration in comparison with having
entry to 56,000 serviceable addresses and 15,000 energetic accounts beneath its
administration as of December 31, 2020.



Mobile Services


Mobile Services consists of the supply of Mobile Services Enabler (“MSE”)
platform {and professional} companies, in addition to the sale of retail cell phone
and retail phone companies for a small subset of retail prospects.

Mobile Services had been traditionally centered on offering cellular telephony companies
via our MVNO model Ting Mobile. As talked about above, on August 1, 2020 the
Company offered considerably all the buyer relationships related to
Ting Mobile to DISH as a part of the Purchase Agreement and now solely retains a
small subset of shoppers for which it continues to offer retail cellular
companies via the Ting Mobile model. As a part of the Purchase Agreement, the
Company granted DISH the best to make use of and an choice to buy the Ting model.
Historically, we additionally operated different MVNO manufacturers, ZipSim and Always Online
Wireless
(collectively known as the “Roam Mobility manufacturers”). However, as a
results of the developments within the financial system and the closely impacted enterprise and
leisure journey industries on account of the COVID-19 pandemic early into Fiscal
2020, the Company was confronted with appreciable lack of demand for a SIM-enabled
roaming service and determined to close down the operations of the Roam Mobility
manufacturers, which was accomplished by September 30, 2020. Although we nonetheless present
retail cellular companies to a small subset of shoppers retained from the Purchase
Agreement, this service providing not represents the Company’s strategic
focus for Mobile Services going ahead. Instead, we’ve got transitioned away from
a MVNO and in direction of a MSE, the place we are going to concentrate on delivering a variety of
capabilities together with billing, activation, provisioning, funnel advertising and marketing, and
different skilled companies to cellular suppliers by way of our Mobile Platform. DISH is
the primary Tucows MSE buyer.

Revenues from our retail cellular companies, MSE platform {and professional} companies
are all generated within the U.S. and are supplied on a month-to-month foundation. Our MSE
buyer agreements have set contract lengths with the underlying Mobile Virtual
Network Operator (“MVNO”). As a part of the DISH Purchase Agreement, as a type of
consideration for the sale of the client relationships, the Company receives a
payout on the margin related to the legacy buyer base offered to DISH. This
has been categorized as Other Income and never thought-about income within the present
interval.




                                       20

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Domain Services


Domain Services consists of wholesale and retail area title registration companies,
in addition to worth added companies derived via our OpenSRS, eNom, Ascio, EPAG
and Hover manufacturers. We earn revenues primarily from the registration charges charged
to resellers in reference to new, renewed and transferred area title
registrations. In addition, we earn revenues from the sale of retail area title
registration and electronic mail companies to people and small companies. Domain
Services revenues are attributed to the nation during which the contract
originates, which is primarily in Canada and the U.S for OpenSRS and eNom
manufacturers. Ascio area companies contracts and EPAG agreements primarily originate
in Europe.

Our main distribution channel is a world community of roughly 35,000 net
hosts, ISPs and different resellers around the globe who usually present their
prospects, the end-users of Internet-based companies, with options for
establishing and sustaining a web based presence. Our main focus is serving
the wants of this community of resellers by offering the broadest portfolio of
generic top-level area (“gTLD”) and the nation code top-level area choices
and associated companies, a white-label platform that facilitates the provisioning
and administration of domains, a strong Application Program Interface,
easy-to-use interfaces, complete administration and reporting instruments, and
proactive and attentive customer support. Our companies are integral to the
options that our resellers ship to their prospects. We present “second
tier” assist to our resellers by electronic mail, chat and telephone within the occasion resellers
expertise points or issues with our companies. In addition, our Network
Operating Center proactively screens all companies and community infrastructure to
tackle deficiencies earlier than buyer companies are impacted. We imagine that the
underlying platforms for our companies are among the many most mature, dependable and
practical reseller-oriented provisioning and administration platforms in our
business, and we proceed to refine, evolve and enhance these companies for each
resellers and end-users. Our enterprise mannequin is characterised primarily by
non-refundable, up-front funds, which result in recurring income and optimistic
working money move.

Wholesale, primarily branded as OpenSRS, eNom, EPAG and Ascio, derives income
from its area title registration service. Together the OpenSRS, eNom, EPAG and
Ascio Domain Services handle 25.2 million domains beneath the Tucows, eNom,
EPAG and Ascio ICANN registrar accreditations and for different registrars beneath
their very own accreditations. Domains beneath administration has decreased by 0.2 million
domains since December 31, 2020. The lower is pushed by decrease renewal
charges from the normalization of registration development again to pre-pandemic ranges,
together with the continued erosion of registrations associated to non-core prospects
from our eNom model.

Value-Added Services embody hosted electronic mail which offers electronic mail supply and
webmail entry to thousands and thousands of mailboxes, Internet safety companies, WHOIS
privateness, publishing instruments and different value-added companies. All of those companies
are made out there to end-users via a community of 35,000 net hosts, ISPs, and
different resellers around the globe. In addition, we additionally derive income by
monetizing domains that are close to the top of their lifecycle via
promoting or public sale sale.

Retail, primarily the Hover and eNom portfolio of internet sites, together with eNom, and
eNom Central, derive revenues from the sale of area title registration and
electronic mail companies to people and small companies. Our retail area companies
additionally embody our Personal Names Service – based mostly on over 36,000 surname domains –
that permits roughly two-thirds of Americans to buy an electronic mail tackle based mostly
on their final title. The retail phase now consists of the sale of the rights to
its portfolio of surname domains utilized in reference to our Realnames electronic mail
service and our Exact Hosting Service, that gives Linux internet hosting companies for
particular person and small enterprise web sites.

KEY BUSINESS METRICS AND NON-GAAP MEASURE

We frequently evaluation a variety of enterprise metrics, together with the next key
metrics and non-GAAP measure, to help us in evaluating our enterprise, measure
the efficiency of our enterprise mannequin, establish developments impacting our enterprise,
decide useful resource allocations, formulate monetary projections and make
strategic enterprise selections. Following the sale of considerably all the
Ting Mobile prospects as a part of the Purchase Agreement, we’ve got ceased
reporting Ting Mobile subscribers and accounts beneath administration. The following
tables set forth the important thing enterprise metrics which we imagine are the first
indicators of our efficiency for the durations offered:



Adjusted EBITDA


Tucows experiences all monetary data in accordance with United States
usually accepted accounting rules (“GAAP”). Along with this data,
to help monetary assertion customers in an evaluation of our historic
efficiency, we usually disclose and talk about a non-GAAP monetary measure,
adjusted EBITDA, on investor convention calls and associated occasions that excludes
sure non-cash and different prices as we imagine that the non-GAAP data
enhances buyers’ total understanding of our monetary efficiency. Please
see dialogue of adjusted EBITDA within the Results of Operations part under.



Ting Internet                                    For the 12 months ended December 31,
                                            2021                2020              2019
                                                             (in '000's)
Ting Internet accounts beneath administration          26                    15            10
Ting Internet serviceable addresses (1)          82                    56            36




  (1) Defined as premises to which Ting has the aptitude to offer a buyer
      connection in a service space.




Domain Services                                     For the 12 months ended December 31,(1)
                                                2021                2020              2019
                                                                 (in 000's)
Total new, renewed and transferred-in
area title registrations provisioned              17,374              18,220           17,285
Domains beneath administration
Registered utilizing Registrar Accreditation
belonging to the Tucows Group                      18,909              19,685           19,233
Registered utilizing Registrar Accreditation
belonging to Resellers                              6,254               5,692            4,540
Total domains beneath administration                25,163              25,377           23,773




——————————————————————————–


  (1) For a dialogue of those period-to-period modifications within the domains
      provisioned and domains beneath administration and the way they impacted our monetary
      outcomes see the Net Revenues dialogue under.




                                       21

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES AND RISKS

Our income is primarily realized in U.S. {dollars} and a serious portion of our
working bills are paid in Canadian {dollars}. Fluctuations within the alternate
charge between the U.S. greenback and the Canadian greenback might have a cloth impact
on our enterprise, monetary situation and outcomes from operations. In specific,
we could also be adversely affected by a big weakening of the U.S. greenback
in opposition to the Canadian greenback on a quarterly and an annual foundation. Our coverage with
respect to international forex publicity is to handle our monetary publicity to
sure international alternate fluctuations with the target of neutralizing some or
all the affect of international forex alternate actions by getting into into
international alternate ahead contracts to mitigate the alternate danger on a portion of
our Canadian greenback publicity. We might not at all times enter into such ahead
contracts and such contracts might not at all times be out there and economical for us.
Additionally, the ahead charges established by the contracts could also be much less
advantageous than the market charge upon settlement.

Fiber Internet Services

As an ISP, we’ve got invested and count on to proceed to spend money on new fiber to the
dwelling (“FTTH”) deployments in choose markets in the United States. The
investments are a mirrored image of our ongoing efforts to construct FTTH community by way of
public-private partnerships in communities we establish as having robust, unmet
demand for FTTH companies. Given the numerous upfront construct and operational
investments for these FTTH deployments, there may be danger that future technological
and regulatory modifications in addition to aggressive responses from incumbent native
suppliers, might end in us not absolutely recovering these investments.

The communications business continues to compete on the premise of community attain
and efficiency, forms of companies and gadgets supplied, and worth.

Mobile Services

The prior 12 months sale of considerably all the Company’s cellular buyer base
and pivot from MVNO to MSE was a strategic shift for our Mobile Services
phase. At this time, DISH is our sole buyer and represents 100% of our MSE
platform {and professional} companies revenues till such time that we’re in a position to
scale our companies to different prospects all for our enablement companies.
With all our MSE platform {and professional} companies revenues concentrated with
one buyer, we’re uncovered to important danger if we’re unable to keep up
this buyer relationship or set up new relationships sooner or later.
Additionally, our revenues as an MSE are immediately tied to the subscriber volumes
of DISH’s MVNO or MNO networks, so our profitability is contingent on the
capacity of DISH to proceed so as to add subscribers onto our platform.

Additionally, as described above, the Company is entitled to a long-term cost
stream that may be a perform of the margin generated by the transferred subscribers
over the 10-year time period of the DISH Purchase Agreement. This consideration
construction might not show to achieve success or worthwhile within the long-term to us if
the prevailing subscriber base churns at an above common charge. Additionally,
given DISH controls the revenues and prices incurred related to the acquired
subscribers, there might come up a state of affairs the place profitability for the
subscriber base is diminished both by lower cost factors or value inflation.

As a part of the transactions contemplated by the DISH Purchase settlement within the
prior 12 months, the Company retained a small variety of buyer accounts related
with one MNO settlement that was not reassigned to DISH at time of sale. We
proceed to be topic to the minimal income commitments beforehand agreed to
with this excluded MNO settlement. The Company is ready to proceed including
prospects beneath the excluded MNO community. However, with no direct capacity to
change buyer pricing or renegotiate contract prices or phrases, the Company might
be unable to fulfill the minimal commitments with this MNO accomplice and will incur
important and recurring penalties till such a time that the contract is
full. These penalties would negatively affect our operational efficiency
and monetary outcomes if enforced by the MNO.

Domain Services

The elevated competitors available in the market for Internet companies in recent times,
which we count on will proceed to accentuate within the quick and long run, poses a
materials danger for us. As new registrars are launched, present opponents
increase service choices and opponents provide worth reductions to achieve market
share, we face pricing stress, which might adversely affect our revenues and
profitability. To tackle these dangers, we’ve got centered on leveraging the
scalability of our infrastructure and our capacity to offer proactive and
attentive customer support to aggressively compete to draw new prospects and
to keep up present prospects.

Substantially all of our Domain Services income is derived from area title
registrations and associated value-added companies from wholesale and retail
prospects utilizing our provisioning and administration platforms. The marketplace for
wholesale registrar companies is each worth delicate and aggressive and is
evolving with the introduction of recent gTLDs, notably for giant quantity
prospects, resembling giant website hosting corporations and house owners of huge portfolios of
domains. We have a comparatively restricted capacity to extend the pricing of
area title registrations with out negatively impacting our capacity to keep up
or develop our buyer base. Growth in our Domain Services income relies
upon our capacity to proceed to draw and retain prospects by sustaining
constant area title registration and value-added service renewal charges and to
develop our buyer relationships via refining, evolving and enhancing our
provisioning platforms and customer support for each resellers and end-users. In
addition, we additionally generate income via pay-per-click promoting and the
sale of names from our portfolio of domains and thru the OpenSRS Domain
Expiry Stream. The income related to names gross sales and promoting has
lately skilled flat to declining developments as a result of uncertainty across the
implementation of ICANN’s New gTLD Program, decrease visitors and promoting yields
within the market, which we count on to proceed.

From time-to-time sure of our distributors present us with market growth
funds to increase or keep the market place for his or her companies. Any resolution
by these distributors to cancel or amend these applications for any motive might end in
funds in future durations not being commensurate with what we’ve got achieved
throughout previous durations.

An in-depth evaluation of the chance elements impacting our companies has been
mentioned at size above in Part I beneath the caption “Item 1A Risk Factors” in
this Annual Report on Form 10-Okay.




                                       22

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The following is a dialogue of our crucial accounting insurance policies and strategies.
Critical accounting insurance policies are outlined as these which can be each essential to the
portrayal of our monetary situation and outcomes of operations and are
reflective of serious judgments and uncertainties made by administration that
might end in materially totally different outcomes beneath totally different assumptions and
circumstances. “Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies” of the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements for the 12 months ended December 31, 2021 (“Fiscal
2021”) included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report, consists of additional
data on the numerous accounting insurance policies and strategies used within the
preparation of our consolidated monetary statements.

The preparation of the consolidated monetary statements in accordance with
U.S. GAAP requires administration to make estimates and assumptions that have an effect on the
reported quantities of property, liabilities, revenues and bills, and associated
disclosure of contingent property and liabilities. Management bases its estimates
on historic expertise, out there market data as relevant, and on
varied different assumptions which can be believed to be affordable beneath the
circumstances on the time they’re made. Under totally different assumptions or
circumstances, the precise outcomes will differ, doubtlessly materially, from these
beforehand estimated. Many of the circumstances impacting these assumptions and
estimates are exterior of the Company’s management. Management evaluates its
estimates on an on-going foundation.

Contracts with a number of efficiency obligations

Our cellular platform service contract accommodates a number of efficiency obligations
with DISH. We are required to allocate the transaction worth between efficiency
obligations – Mobile Platform Services and Professional Services, which impacts
the timing of income recognition. We decide the stand-alone promoting worth of
Mobile Platform Services utilizing the residual technique, which requires us to make
estimates of future consideration earned throughout your entire time period of the cellular
platform service contract in addition to the stand-alone promoting worth of
Professional Services. Changes in assumptions might trigger a rise or
lower within the quantity of income that we report in a selected interval.

Acquired buyer relationships

For acquired buyer relationships, the Company estimates the honest worth based mostly
on the revenue method. The revenue method is a valuation approach that
calculates the honest worth of an intangible asset based mostly on the current worth of
future money flows anticipated to be generated over the remaining helpful lifetime of the
asset. This valuation includes important subjectivity and estimation
uncertainty, together with assumptions associated to future revenues attributable to
acquired buyer relationships, attrition charges and low cost charges.



Loss contingencies


We are typically topic to claims, fits, regulatory and authorities
investigations, and different proceedings involving competitors, mental
property, privateness, tax and associated compliance, labor and employment, business
disputes, and different issues. Certain of those issues embody speculative claims
for substantial or indeterminate quantities of damages. We file a legal responsibility when
we imagine that it’s possible {that a} loss has been incurred and the quantity can
be fairly estimated.

We consider, frequently, developments in our authorized issues that might
have an effect on the quantity of legal responsibility that has been beforehand accrued, and the issues
and associated fairly potential losses disclosed, and make changes and
modifications to our disclosures as acceptable. Significant judgment is required to
decide each the chance and the estimated quantity of a loss associated to such
issues. Until the ultimate decision of such issues, there could also be an publicity to
loss in extra of the quantity recorded, and such quantities could possibly be materials.

Impairment of Goodwill and intangibles

We consider elements resembling macro-economic, business and market circumstances
together with the capital markets and the aggressive setting amongst others. We
concluded that there have been no indications of impairment beneath the qualitative
method. The evaluation was in line with the method we utilized in our
evaluation carried out in prior years.

Any modifications to our key assumptions about our companies and our prospects, or
modifications in market circumstances, might trigger the honest worth of our working
segments to fall under its carrying worth, leading to a possible impairment
cost. In addition, modifications in our organizational construction or how our
administration allocates sources and assesses efficiency, might end in a
change in our working segments, requiring a reallocation and up to date
impairment evaluation of goodwill and indefinite life intangible property.



Changes in estimates


There had been no materials modifications to our crucial accounting estimates throughout
Fiscal 2021.




Revenue Recognition Policy





The Company’s revenues are derived from (a) the provisioning of retail fiber
Internet companies in our Fiber Internet Services phase, (b) the provisioning
of wholesale cellular platform companies, skilled companies and the
provisioning of retail cellular companies in our Mobile Services phase; and from
(c) area title registration contracts, different area associated value-added
companies, area sale contracts, and different promoting income in our Domain
Services phase. Amounts acquired upfront of assembly the income recognition
standards described under are recorded as deferred income. All merchandise are
usually offered with out the best of return or refund.

Revenue is measured based mostly on consideration laid out in a contract with a
buyer and excludes any gross sales incentives and quantities collected on behalf of
third events. The Company acknowledges income when it satisfies a efficiency
obligation by transferring management over a services or products to a buyer.




                                       23

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Nature of products and companies


The following is an outline of principal actions – separated by reportable
segments – from which the Company generates its income. For extra detailed
details about reportable segments. See “Note 19 – Segment Reporting” of the
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included on this report for extra
data.



  (a) Fiber Internet Services



Fiber Internet Services derive revenues from offering Ting Internet to
people and small companies in choose cities. In addition, we offer
billing, provisioning and buyer care software program options to ISPs via our
Platypus billing software program. Ting Internet entry contracts present prospects
Internet entry at their dwelling or enterprise via the set up and use of
our fiber optic community. Ting Internet contracts are usually pay as you go and grant
prospects with limitless bandwidth based mostly on a set worth per thirty days foundation. Since
consideration is collected earlier than the service interval, income is initially
deferred and acknowledged because the Company performs its obligation to offer
Internet entry.

Ting Internet companies are primarily contracted via the Ting web site, for
one month at a time and include no dedication to resume the contract following
every buyer’s month-to-month billing cycle. The Company’s billing cycle for all Ting
Internet entry prospects is computed based mostly on the client’s activation date.
In order to acknowledge income because the Company satisfies its obligations, we
compute the quantity of revenues earned however not billed from the top of every
billing cycle to the top of every reporting interval. In addition, revenues
related to the sale of Internet {hardware} to subscribers are acknowledged when
title and danger of loss is transferred to the subscriber and cargo has
occurred. Incentive advertising and marketing credit given to prospects are recorded as a
discount of income.

In these instances, the place cost is just not acquired on the time of sale, income is
not acknowledged till contract inception until the gathering of the associated
accounts receivable in all fairness assured. The Company information prices that
mirror anticipated refunds, rebates and bank card charge-backs as a discount of
revenues on the time of the sale based mostly on historic experiences and present
expectations.


  (b) Mobile Services




Retail Mobile Services

Ting Mobile wi-fi utilization contracts grant prospects entry to straightforward discuss,
textual content and information cellular companies. Ting Mobile contracts are billed based mostly on the
buyer’s chosen charge plan, which might both be utilization based mostly or a vast
plan. All charge plan choices are charged to prospects on a postpaid, month-to-month
foundation on the finish of their billing cycle. As mentioned beforehand, up to now
fiscal 12 months the Company offered considerably all of its retail cellular buyer
relationships, and cellular handset and SIM stock to DISH and granted the
proper to make use of and choice to buy the Ting model. The Company solely retains a
small subset of shoppers to which it continues to offer retail cellular
companies. All future revenues related to Retail Mobile Services stream will
solely be for this subset of shoppers retained by Ting, Inc.

Ting Mobile companies are primarily contracted via the Ting web site, for one
month at a time and include no dedication to resume the contract following every
buyer’s month-to-month billing cycle. The Company’s billing cycle for all Ting
Mobile prospects is computed based mostly on the client’s activation date. In order
to acknowledge income because the Company satisfies its obligations, we compute the
quantity of revenues earned however not billed from the top of every billing cycle to
the top of every reporting interval. In addition, revenues related to the sale
of wi-fi gadgets and equipment are acknowledged when title and danger of loss
is transferred to the client and cargo has occurred. Incentive advertising and marketing
credit given to prospects are recorded as a discount of income.

As a type of consideration for the sale of the client relationships, the
Company receives a payout on the margin related to the legacy buyer base
offered to DISH, over a interval of 10 years. This has been categorized as Other
Income and never thought-about income within the present interval.

Mobile Platform Services

Tucows’ MSE platform offers community entry, provisioning and billing companies
for MVNOs in addition to a set variety of skilled service hours. Our MVNO
prospects are billed month-to-month, on a postpaid foundation. The month-to-month charges are
variable, based mostly on the amount of their subscribers using the platform throughout
a given month, to which minimums might apply. Customers may additionally be billed fastened
platform charges and granted fastened credit as a part of the consideration for
long-term contracts. Consideration acquired for MSE platform companies is
allotted to MSE companies {and professional} companies and acknowledged as every
service obligation is fulfilled. Fixed charges for Mobile Platform Services are
acknowledged into income evenly over the service interval, whereas variable utilization
charges are acknowledged every month as they’re consumed. Professional companies
income is acknowledged because the hours {of professional} companies granted to the
buyer are used or expire. When consideration for Mobile Platform Services is
acquired earlier than the service is delivered, the income is initially deferred and
acknowledged solely because the Company performs its obligation to offer companies.
Likewise, if Mobile Platform Services are delivered earlier than the Company has the
unconditional proper to bill the client, income is acknowledged as a Contract
Asset.

Other Professional Services

This income stream consists of every other skilled companies, together with
transitional companies, earned in reference to Tucows’ new MSE enterprise. These
are billed to our prospects month-to-month at set and established charges for companies
supplied in interval. The Company acknowledges income over this new income stream
because the Company satisfies its obligations to offer skilled companies.




  (c) Domain Services



Wholesale – Domain Services

Domain registration contracts, which will be bought for phrases of 1 to 10
years, present our resellers and retail registrant prospects with the unique
proper to a customized web tackle from which to construct a web based presence.
The Company enters into area registration contracts in reference to every
new, renewed and transferred-in area registration. At the inception of the
contract, the Company prices and collects the registration price for your entire
registration interval. Though charges are collected upfront, income from area
registrations are acknowledged ratably over the registration interval as area
registration contracts include a ‘proper to entry’ license of IP, which is a
distinct efficiency obligation measured over time. The registration interval
begins as soon as the Company has confirmed that the requested area title has been
appropriately recorded within the registry beneath contractual efficiency requirements.



                                       24

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

Historically, our wholesale area service has constituted the biggest portion
of our enterprise and encompasses all of our companies as an accredited registrar
associated to the registration, renewal, switch and administration of domains.
In addition, this service fuels different income classes because it usually is the
preliminary service for which a reseller will have interaction us, enabling us to observe on
with different companies and permitting us so as to add to our portfolio by buying names
registered via us upon their expiration. We count on Domain companies will
proceed to be the biggest portion of our enterprise and can proceed to allow
us to promote add-on companies.

The Company is an ICANN accredited registrar. Thus, the Company is the first
obligor with our reseller and retail registrant prospects and is chargeable for
the achievement of our registrar companies to these events. As a consequence, the
Company experiences income within the quantity of the charges we obtain immediately from our
reseller and retail registrant prospects. Our reseller prospects keep the
main obligor relationship with their retail prospects, set up pricing and
retain credit score danger to these prospects. Accordingly, the Company doesn’t
acknowledge any income associated to transactions between our reseller prospects and
their final retail prospects.

Wholesale – Value-Added Services

We derive income from area associated value-added companies like digital
certifications, WHOIS privateness and hosted electronic mail and by offering our resellers
and retail registrant prospects with instruments and extra performance to be
used together with area registrations. All area associated value-added
companies are thought-about distinct efficiency obligations which switch the
promised service to the client over the contracted time period. Fees charged to
prospects for area associated value-added companies are collected on the inception
of the contract, and income is acknowledged on a straight-line foundation over the
contracted time period, in line with the satisfaction of the efficiency
obligations.

We additionally derive income from different value-added companies, which primarily consists
of proceeds from the OpenSRS, eNom and Ascio area expiry streams.

Retail

We derive revenues primarily from Hover and eNom’s retail properties via the
sale of retail area title registration and electronic mail companies to people and
small companies. The retail phase now consists of the sale of the rights to its
portfolio of surname domains utilized in reference to our Realnames electronic mail and
Linux internet hosting companies for web sites via our Exact Hosting model.

For details about geographic areas, see “Note 19 – Segment Reporting” of the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this
Annual Report.

Valuation of Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets

The extra of the acquisition worth over the honest values of the identifiable property
and liabilities from our acquisitions is recorded as goodwill. At December 31,
2021
, we had $130.4 million in goodwill associated to our acquisitions and $50.4
million
in intangible property comprised of indefinite life intangibles of
$12.3 million and finite life intangible property of $38.1 million. At December
31, 2020
, we had $116.3 million in goodwill associated to our acquisitions
and $47.4 million in intangible property comprised of indefinite life intangibles
of $12.3 million and finite life intangible property of $35.1 million. As
described above, we report our monetary outcomes as three working segments,
Fiber Internet Services, Mobile Services and Domain Services. Eighty-three
p.c of goodwill pertains to our Domain Services working phase and 17% of
goodwill pertains to our Fiber Internet Services phase. Of our goodwill
stability, $91.4 million is just not deductible for tax functions. Seventy-three p.c
of intangible property relate to our Domain Services working phase and 27% of
intangible property relate to our Fiber Internet Services phase.

We account for goodwill and indefinite life intangible property in accordance with
the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB’s”) authoritative steerage,
which requires that goodwill and indefinite life intangible property are usually not
amortized, however are topic to an annual impairment take a look at. We full our
impairment take a look at on an annual foundation, through the fourth quarter of our fiscal
12 months, or extra often, if modifications in information and circumstances point out that
impairment indicators are current.

Our indefinite life intangible property include surname domains and direct
navigation domains. In order to keep up our rights to those domains,
we pay annual renewal charges to the relevant area title registries. Over the
course of time, we typically determine to not renew sure under-performing area
names and incur an impairment cost related to such non-renewal. There was
no impairment recorded on indefinite-life intangible property throughout 2021,
2020 and 2019.

With regard to long-lived property comprised of property and tools and finite
life intangible property, we frequently consider whether or not occasions or circumstances
have occurred that point out the remaining estimated helpful lives of our
definite-life intangible property might warrant revision or whether or not the carrying
quantity of such property is probably not recoverable and exceed their honest worth. We use
an estimate of the associated undiscounted money flows over the remaining lifetime of
the asset in measuring whether or not the asset is recoverable. During Fiscal
2021 there was no impairment recorded on definite-life intangible property and
property and tools. In 2020 there was a $1.4 million impairment recorded on
definite-life intangible property related to the shutdown of the Roam
Mobility manufacturers mentioned above. There was no impairment recorded on
definite-life intangible property and property and tools recorded throughout
2019.

We carried out a qualitative evaluation to find out whether or not there have been occasions or
circumstances which might result in a dedication, whether or not it’s extra possible
than not, that goodwill and indefinite life intangible property have been
impaired. In performing the qualitative testing, we made an analysis of the
affect of assorted elements to the anticipated future money flows attributable to our
working segments and to the assumed low cost charge which might be used to
current worth these money flows. Consideration was given to elements resembling
macro-economic, business and market circumstances together with the capital markets and
the aggressive setting amongst others. We concluded that there have been no
indications of impairment beneath the qualitative method. The evaluation was
in line with the method we utilized in our evaluation carried out in prior
years.

In reference to enterprise acquisitions that we’ve got accomplished, we establish and
estimate the honest worth of internet property acquired, together with sure identifiable
intangible property (aside from goodwill) and liabilities assumed. The
dedication of acquisition date honest values requires us to make important
estimates and assumptions relating to projected revenues, prices, earnings earlier than
curiosity, taxes, depreciation and amortization, attrition charges and low cost
charges. Changes to those assumptions might end in materials variations
relying on the scale of the acquisition accomplished.

Any modifications to our key assumptions about our companies and our prospects, or
modifications in market circumstances, might trigger the honest worth of our working
segments to fall under its carrying worth, leading to a possible impairment
cost. In addition, modifications in our organizational construction or how our
administration allocates sources and assesses efficiency, might end in a
change in our working segments, requiring a reallocation and up to date
impairment evaluation of goodwill and indefinite life intangible property. A
goodwill or intangible asset impairment cost might have a cloth impact on
our consolidated monetary statements due to the importance of goodwill
and intangible property to our consolidated stability sheet. There was no additional
impairment of goodwill or intangible property on account of the annual impairment
assessments accomplished through the fourth quarters of 2021, 2020 or 2019.


                                       25

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Accounting for Income Taxes


We are topic to revenue taxes within the U.S. and quite a few international jurisdictions.
Significant judgment is required in evaluating our unsure tax positions and
figuring out our provision for revenue taxes. We apply a two-step method to
recognizing and measuring unsure tax positions. The first step is to guage
the tax place for recognition by figuring out if on the load of accessible
proof, it’s extra possible than not that the place will likely be sustained on
audit, together with decision of associated appeals or litigation processes, if any.
The second step is to measure the tax profit that’s greater than 50% prone to be
realized upon settlement.

Although we imagine we’ve got adequately reserved for our unsure tax positions,
no assurance will be provided that the ultimate tax end result of those issues won’t
be totally different. We regulate these reserves in gentle of fixing information and
circumstances, such because the closing of a tax audit or the refinement of an
estimate based mostly on new data that will change into out there. To the extent that
the ultimate tax end result of those issues is totally different than the quantities recorded,
such variations will affect the supply for revenue taxes within the interval in
which such dedication is made.

As we account for revenue taxes beneath the asset and legal responsibility technique, we
acknowledge deferred tax property or liabilities for the anticipated future tax
results of momentary variations between the monetary assertion foundation and the
tax foundation of our property and liabilities. We file a valuation allowance to
cut back the web deferred tax property when it’s extra possible than not that the
profit from the deferred tax property won’t be realized. In assessing the necessity
for a valuation allowance, historic and future ranges of revenue, expectations
and dangers related to estimates of future taxable revenue and ongoing tax
planning methods are thought-about. In the occasion that it’s decided that the
deferred tax property to be realized sooner or later could be in extra of the web
recorded quantity, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance
could be recorded. This adjustment would improve revenue within the interval that such
dedication was made. Likewise, ought to it’s decided that each one or a part of a
recorded internet deferred tax asset wouldn’t be realized sooner or later, an
adjustment to extend the deferred tax asset valuation allowance could be
charged to revenue within the interval that such dedication could be made. At
December 31, 2021, the valuation allowance of $13.5 million was associated to
international tax credit that we’re not anticipated to comprehend, in comparison with $11.2
million
at December 31, 2020.

On a periodic foundation, we consider the chance that our deferred tax asset
stability will likely be recovered to evaluate its realizability. To the extent we imagine
it’s extra possible than not that some portion of our deferred tax property won’t
be realized, we are going to improve the valuation allowance in opposition to the deferred tax
property. Realization of our deferred tax property relies primarily upon
future taxable revenue. Our judgments relating to future profitability might change
as a consequence of future market circumstances, modifications in U.S. or worldwide tax legal guidelines and
different elements. These modifications, if any, might require potential materials changes
to those deferred tax property, impacting internet revenue or internet loss within the interval
when such determinations are made.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See “Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies” of the Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report for
data relating to lately issued accounting requirements.

Current COVID-19 response and anticipated impacts

The ongoing international COVID-19 pandemic continued to characterize Fiscal 2021,
nevertheless the monetary and operational impacts from COVID-19 on our
enterprise have been restricted. Over the previous 12 months, we have monitored the state of affairs
and its impacts on our enterprise however have finally seen developments stabilize, with
continued restoration in U.S. markets as a consequence of large-scale vaccination applications.
Management continues to evaluate the affect frequently however expects restricted
monetary and operational affect via the upcoming fiscal 12 months, ought to the
COVID-19 pandemic persist. While the unfold of COVID-19 might finally be
contained or mitigated, there isn’t any assure {that a} future outbreak won’t
happen as evidenced by quite a few variants of the virus rising, together with
Omicron. Since the onset of this pandemic in 2020, all workers who might
conceivably make money working from home had been and proceed to be inspired to take action. Since
then we’ve got transitioned to defining ourselves as a remote-first group,
and for the small group of workers who’re unable make money working from home, together with
our order achievement and Fiber set up groups, lots of whom work within the
subject, they’re inspired to observe social distancing and to proceed to
observe hygiene greatest practices and security protocols as outlined by the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention
in reference to the COVID-19 pandemic. In
the previous 12 months, the Ting Fiber Internet group established an set up resolution
for our workers and prospects that minimizes dangers related to
person-to-person contact they usually proceed to successfully deploy this
set up resolution at the moment. We have additionally carried out a vaccination coverage
requiring these workers who work from a Company workplace, meet in particular person with
prospects or journey by airplane or practice for enterprise functions to be absolutely
vaccinated.

We haven’t skilled any productiveness points, materials useful resource constraints
nor can we foresee requiring any materials expenditures to proceed to implement
our enterprise continuity plans described above. Likewise, we’ve got not skilled
nor can we foresee any future impacts to our liquidity place, credit score danger,
inner controls or impacts to our accounting insurance policies on account of the
COVID-19 pandemic.



                                       26

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED December 31, 2021 AS COMPARED TO THE
YEAR ENDED December 31, 2020



NET REVENUES



Fiber Internet Services

Fiber Internet Services derive revenues from offering Ting Internet to
people and small companies in choose cities. In addition, we offer
billing, provisioning and buyer care software program options to ISPs via our
Platypus billing software program. Ting Internet entry contracts present prospects
Internet entry at their dwelling or enterprise via the set up and use of
our fiber optic community. Ting Internet contracts are usually pay as you go and grant
prospects with limitless bandwidth based mostly on a set worth per thirty days foundation. Since
consideration is collected earlier than the service interval, income is initially
deferred and acknowledged because the Company performs its obligation to offer
Internet entry.

Ting Internet companies are primarily contracted via the Ting web site, for
one month at a time and include no dedication to resume the contract following
every buyer’s month-to-month billing cycle. The Company’s billing cycle for all Ting
Internet entry prospects is computed based mostly on the client’s activation date.
In order to acknowledge income because the Company satisfies its obligations, we
compute the quantity of revenues earned however not billed from the top of every
billing cycle to the top of every reporting interval. In addition, revenues
related to the sale of Internet {hardware} to subscribers are acknowledged when
title and danger of loss is transferred to the subscriber and cargo has
occurred. Incentive advertising and marketing credit given to prospects are recorded as a
discount of income.

In these instances, the place cost is just not acquired on the time of sale, income is
not acknowledged till contract inception until the gathering of the associated
accounts receivable in all fairness assured. The Company information prices that
mirror anticipated refunds, rebates and bank card charge-backs as a discount of
revenues on the time of the sale based mostly on historic experiences and present
expectations.




Mobile Services



Mobile Services – Retail Mobile Services

Ting Mobile wi-fi utilization contracts grant prospects entry to straightforward discuss,
textual content and information cellular companies. Ting Mobile contracts are billed based mostly on the
buyer’s chosen charge plan, which might both be utilization based mostly or a vast
plan. All charge plan choices are charged to prospects on a postpaid, month-to-month
foundation on the finish of their billing cycle. As mentioned beforehand, up to now
fiscal 12 months the Company offered considerably all of its retail cellular buyer
relationships, and cellular handset and SIM stock to DISH and granted the
proper to make use of and choice to buy the Ting model. The Company solely retains a
small subset of shoppers to which it continues to offer retail cellular
companies. All future revenues related to Retail Mobile Services stream will
solely be for this subset of shoppers retained by Ting, Inc.

Ting Mobile companies are primarily contracted via the Ting web site, for one
month at a time and include no dedication to resume the contract following every
buyer’s month-to-month billing cycle. The Company’s billing cycle for all Ting
Mobile prospects is computed based mostly on the client’s activation date. In order
to acknowledge income because the Company satisfies its obligations, we compute the
quantity of revenues earned however not billed from the top of every billing cycle to
the top of every reporting interval. In addition, revenues related to the sale
of wi-fi gadgets and equipment are acknowledged when title and danger of loss
is transferred to the client and cargo has occurred. Incentive advertising and marketing
credit given to prospects are recorded as a discount of income.

As a type of consideration for the sale of the client relationships, the
Company receives a payout on the margin related to the legacy buyer base
offered to DISH, over a interval of 10 years. This has been categorized as Other
Income and never thought-about income within the present interval.

Mobile Services – Mobile Platform Services

Tucows’ MSE platform offers community entry, provisioning and billing companies
for MVNOs in addition to a set variety of skilled service hours. Our MVNO
prospects are billed month-to-month, on a postpaid foundation. The month-to-month charges are
variable, based mostly on the amount of their subscribers using the platform throughout
a given month, to which minimums might apply. Customers may additionally be billed fastened
platform charges and granted fastened credit as a part of the consideration for
long-term contracts. Consideration acquired for MSE platform companies is
allotted to MSE companies {and professional} companies and acknowledged as every
service obligation is fulfilled. Fixed charges for Mobile Platform Services are
acknowledged into income evenly over the service interval, whereas variable utilization
charges are acknowledged every month as they’re consumed. Professional companies
income is acknowledged because the hours {of professional} companies granted to the
buyer are used or expire. When consideration for Mobile Platform Services is
acquired earlier than the service is delivered, the income is initially deferred and
acknowledged solely because the Company performs its obligation to offer companies.
Likewise, if Mobile Platform Services are delivered earlier than the Company has the
unconditional proper to bill the client, income is acknowledged as a Contract
Asset.

Mobile Services – Other Professional Services

This income stream consists of every other skilled companies, together with
transitional companies, earned in reference to Tucows’ new MSE enterprise. These
are billed to our prospects month-to-month at set and established charges for companies
supplied in interval. The Company acknowledges income over this new income stream
because the Company satisfies its obligations to offer skilled companies.



Domain Services


Wholesale – Domain Services

Domain registration contracts, which will be bought for phrases of 1 to 10
years, present our resellers and retail registrant prospects with the unique
proper to a customized web tackle from which to construct a web based presence.
The Company enters into area registration contracts in reference to every
new, renewed and transferred-in area registration. At the inception of the
contract, the Company prices and collects the registration price for your entire
registration interval. Though charges are collected upfront, income from area
registrations are acknowledged ratably over the registration interval as area
registration contracts include a ‘proper to entry’ license of IP, which is a
distinct efficiency obligation measured over time. The registration interval
begins as soon as the Company has confirmed that the requested area title has been
appropriately recorded within the registry beneath contractual efficiency requirements.

Historically, our wholesale area service has constituted the biggest portion
of our enterprise and encompasses all of our companies as an accredited registrar
associated to the registration, renewal, switch and administration of domains.
In addition, this service fuels different income classes because it usually is the
preliminary service for which a reseller will have interaction us, enabling us to observe on
with different companies and permitting us so as to add to our portfolio by buying names
registered via us upon their expiration. We count on Domain companies will
proceed to be the biggest portion of our enterprise and can proceed to allow
us to promote add-on companies.

The Company is an ICANN accredited registrar. Thus, the Company is the first
obligor with our reseller and retail registrant prospects and is chargeable for
the achievement of our registrar companies to these events. As a consequence, the
Company experiences income within the quantity of the charges we obtain immediately from our
reseller and retail registrant prospects. Our reseller prospects keep the
main obligor relationship with their retail prospects, set up pricing and
retain credit score danger to these prospects. Accordingly, the Company doesn’t
acknowledge any income associated to transactions between our reseller prospects and
their final retail prospects.



                                       27

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

Wholesale – Value-Added Services

We derive income from area associated value-added companies like digital
certifications, WHOIS privateness and hosted electronic mail and by offering our resellers
and retail registrant prospects with instruments and extra performance to be
used together with area registrations. All area associated value-added
companies are thought-about distinct efficiency obligations which switch the
promised service to the client over the contracted time period. Fees charged to
prospects for area associated value-added companies are collected on the inception
of the contract, and income is acknowledged on a straight-line foundation over the
contracted time period, in line with the satisfaction of the efficiency
obligations.

We additionally derive income from different value-added companies, which primarily consists
of proceeds from the OpenSRS, eNom and Ascio area expiry streams.



Retail


We derive revenues primarily from Hover and eNom’s retail properties via the
sale of retail area title registration and electronic mail companies to people and
small companies. The retail phase now consists of the sale of the rights to its
portfolio of surname domains utilized in reference to our Realnames electronic mail service
and Linux internet hosting companies for web sites via our Exact Hosting model.

The following desk presents our internet revenues, by income supply:

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021             2020

Fiber Internet Services:
Fiber Internet Services                         $     26,445       $  18,428

Mobile Services:
Retail cellular companies                                 9,395          46,540
Mobile platform companies                              11,912             564
Other skilled companies                           11,009           3,416
Total Mobile                                          32,316          50,520

Domain Services:
Wholesale
Domain Services                                      189,091         186,893
Value Added Services                                  20,942          18,526
Total Wholesale                                      210,033         205,419

Retail                                                35,543          36,835
Total Domain Services                                245,576         242,254

                                                $    304,337       $ 311,202
(Decrease) improve over prior interval           $     (6,865 )
(Decrease) improve - share                          (2 )%




The following desk presents our revenues, by income supply, as a share of
complete revenues:



                                  Year ended December 31,
                                 2021                2020

Fiber Internet Services:
Fiber Internet Services                 9 %                 6 %

Mobile Services:
Retail cellular companies                  3 %                15 %
Mobile platform companies                4 %                 0 %
Other skilled companies             4 %                 1 %
Total Mobile                           11 %                16 %

Domain Services:
Wholesale
Domain Services                        61 %                61 %
Value Added Services                    7 %                 6 %
Total Wholesale                        68 %                67 %

Retail                                 12 %                11 %
Total Domain Services                  80 %                78 %

                                      100 %               100 %




                                       28

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

Total internet revenues for Fiscal 2021 decreased by $6.9 million, or 2%, to $304.3
million
from $311.2 million for the fiscal 12 months ended December 31, 2021 (“Fiscal
2021”). The total lower in income was primarily pushed by the $18.2
million
discount of revenues attributable to our Mobile Services phase. This
lower in Mobile Services revenues was immediately associated to the DISH Purchase
Agreement in addition to the shutdown of Roam Mobility manufacturers up to now 12 months. As
a part of the DISH Purchase Agreement, as a type of consideration for the sale of
the client relationships, the Company receives a payout on the margin
related to the legacy buyer base offered to DISH over the 10-year time period of
the settlement. This has been categorized as Other Income and never thought-about
income within the present interval. This lower in Mobile Services revenues was
partially offset by a $8.0 million improve associated to Fiber Internet Services
revenues, a results of each development in prospects as we proceed to construct out our
Ting Internet footprint in addition to acquisition led income development from our
fourth quarter acquisition of Simply Bits. Additionally, smaller will increase from
Domain Services of $3.3 million additionally helped partially offset any income
decreases in interval, which was pushed by outsized proceeds from our area
expiry income streams relative to the fiscal 12 months ending December 31,
2020
(“Fiscal 2020”).

Deferred income at December 31, 2021 decreased to $147.8 million from $152.2
million
at December 31, 2020. This lower was primarily pushed by our Domain
Services phase, accounting for $3.5 million of the lower as a consequence of recognition
of beforehand deferred billings for registrations and renewals development
skilled in Fiscal 2020 in reference to COVID-19. This lower is
adopted by a lower associated to Mobile Services, accounting for $2.1 million
of the lower as a result of recognition of beforehand deferred bundled and different
skilled companies revenues. These skilled companies revenues had been
acknowledged because the Company carried out its obligation to offer these companies to
DISH. These decreases had been partially offset by a rise in deferred income
related to Fiber Internet Services of $1.1 million, which is reflective of
the continued development in buyer base and billings for that phase relative
to December 31, 2020.

No buyer accounted for greater than 10% of income throughout Fiscal 2021 or throughout
Fiscal 2020. As of December 31, 2021 DISH accounted for 46% of complete accounts
receivable and as at December 31, 2020, DISH accounted for 59% of complete accounts
receivable.

Though a good portion of the Company’s area companies revenues are
pay as you go by our prospects, the place the Company does accumulate receivables,
important administration judgment is required on the time income is recorded to
assess whether or not the gathering of the ensuing receivables in all fairness
assured. On an ongoing foundation, we assess the flexibility of our prospects to make
required funds. Based on this evaluation, we count on the carrying quantity of
our excellent receivables, internet of allowance for uncertain accounts, to be absolutely
collected.




Fiber Internet Services



Revenues from Ting Internet and billing options generated $26.4 million in
income throughout Fiscal 2021, up $8.0 million or 43% in comparison with Fiscal 2020. This
development is pushed by continued subscriber development throughout our Fiber community
relative to Fiscal 2021, in addition to the continued enlargement of our Ting Internet
footprint to new Ting cities all through the United States. Of this $8.0 million
improve, $1.3 million associated to our fourth quarter acquisition of Simply Bits.

As of December 31, 2021, Ting Internet had entry to 82,000 serviceable
addresses and 26,000 energetic accounts beneath its administration in comparison with having
entry to 56,000 serviceable addresses and 15,000 energetic accounts beneath its
administration as of December 31, 2020. These figures exclude the rise in
serviceable addresses and accounts attributable to the Simply Bits acquisition.



Mobile Services



Retail Mobile Services


Net revenues from Retail Mobile Services for the Fiscal 2021, decreased by $37.1
million
in comparison with Fiscal 2020, to $9.4 million. This lower is a results of
the numerous modifications to our Mobile Services phase that occurred throughout
Fiscal 2020 as we transitioned from MVNO to MSE. These modifications embody each the
shutdown of the Roam Mobility manufacturers within the second quarter of 2020 adopted by
the sale of considerably all the Ting Mobile buyer base as a part of the
DISH Purchase Agreement. Ting Mobile accounts for considerably all of this
lower (of which $4.4 million is decreased system revenues and $31.4 million
pertains to service revenues), adopted by Roam Mobility at $1.3 million of the
complete lower.

The revenues earned from Retail Mobile Services for Fiscal 2021 is simply
reflective of the cellular telephony companies and system revenues related to
the small group of shoppers retained by the Company from the sale of the
traditionally bigger Ting Mobile buyer base to DISH. As talked about above, the
payout the Company receives from the aforementioned sale has been categorized as
Other Income and never thought-about income within the present interval.



Mobile Platform Services


Net revenues from Mobile Platform Services for the Fiscal
2021, elevated by $11.3 million in comparison with Fiscal 2020, to $11.9 million. This
improve is a results of the brand new MSE enterprise created on account of the DISH
Purchase Agreement up to now 12 months. Only 5 months of comparable revenues
existed throughout Fiscal 2020. Additionally, throughout Fiscal 2021 the web revenues
acknowledged embody each platform price billings in addition to revenues acknowledged
from the earlier deferral of bundled skilled charges supplied in connection
with Mobile Platform Services. The Company has glad its obligations to
present any bundled skilled companies revenues acknowledged within the present
interval. Tucows’ MSE platform offers community entry, provisioning and billing
companies for MVNOs, of which DISH is at the moment our sole buyer.



Other Professional Services


Net revenues from Other Professional Services for the Fiscal
2021, elevated by $7.6 million in comparison with Fiscal 2020, to $11.0 million.
Similar to above, this improve is a results of the brand new MSE enterprise created as a
results of the DISH Purchase Agreement up to now 12 months. Tucows’ different
skilled companies embody each standalone know-how companies growth
work and different transitional companies together with gross sales, advertising and marketing, buyer
assist, order achievement, and information analytics for MVNOs, of which DISH is
at the moment our sole buyer. During Fiscal 2021, we earned revenues for each
provision of standalone know-how companies growth work in addition to a full
12 months of transitional companies. This is in distinction to Fiscal 2020 which was
characterised by solely 5 months of solely transitional companies revenues.




                                       29

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Domain Services



Wholesale - Domain Services


During Fiscal 2021, Wholesale Domain Services income elevated by $2.2 million
or 1% to $189.1 million. The improve in income in comparison with Fiscal 2020
was primarily pushed by the popularity of beforehand deferred billings from the
previous 12 months, as mentioned above within the change in deferred income. As extra
companies established a web based presence through the onset of the COVID-19
pandemic in Fiscal 2020 we skilled area title registration development from our
giant quantity resellers throughout our Domain Services manufacturers. Fiscal 2021 was then
characterised by a normalization of this COVID-19 registration development again to
traditionally skilled pre-pandemic ranges in addition to some erosion in renewal
charges within the final half of the 12 months. The improve in revenues from deferred
income mentioned above is offset by a small lower in billings of $0.3
million
, largely pushed by our eNom model which has seen continued decline in
registrations by non-core prospects relative to Fiscal 2020.

Together the OpenSRS, eNom, EPAG and Ascio Domain Services handle 25.2 million
domains beneath the Tucows, eNom, EPAG and Ascio ICANN registrar
accreditations and for different registrars beneath their very own accreditations. Domains
beneath administration has decreased by 0.2 million domains since December 31,
2020
. The lower is pushed by decrease renewal charges from the normalization
of registration development again to pre-pandemic ranges, together with the continued
erosion of registrations associated to non-core prospects from our eNom model.

Wholesale – Value Added Services

Net revenues from value-added companies elevated by $2.4 million to $20.9
million
in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The improve in value-added service income
over Fiscal 2020 was primarily pushed by a rise in expiry stream proceeds
throughout our Domain Services manufacturers. As a results of the normalization of renewal
charges and domains beneath administration mentioned above in connection to COVID-19,
Fiscal 2021 benefited from a big quantity of expired domains
registered up to now 12 months being out there for our expiry streams, which
returned favorable proceeds at public sale and drove our income development for worth
added companies.



Retail


Net revenues from retail decreased by $1.3 million to $35.5 million in comparison with
Fiscal 2020. The lower in income was primarily associated to area portfolio
gross sales, which decreased by $0.9 million on account of the Company disposing of
its total area portfolio, excluding surname domains used within the ActualNames
electronic mail service through the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2020. This lower was
compounded by a $0.5 million lower in retail area title registrations from
the erosion of retail prospects away from our eNom Central model. These
decreases had been partially offset by a rise in Exact Hosting revenues of $0.1
million
.




COST OF REVENUES



Fiber Internet Services



Cost of revenues primarily consists of the prices for provisioning excessive velocity
Internet entry, which is comprised of community entry charges paid to third-parties
to make use of their community, leased circuit prices to immediately assist enterprise
prospects, the personnel and associated bills (internet of capitalization) associated to
the bodily planning, design, building and construct out of the bodily Fiber
community and in addition to personnel and associated bills (internet of capitalization)
associated to the set up, restore, upkeep and total subject service
supply of the Fiber enterprise. Hardware prices embody the price of tools
offered to finish prospects, together with routers, ONTs, and IPTV merchandise, and any
stock changes on this stock. Other prices embody subject automobile
bills, small sundry tools and provides consumed in constructing the Fiber
community and charges paid to third-party service suppliers primarily for printing
companies in reference to billing companies to ISPs.



Mobile Services



Retail Mobile Services

Cost of revenues for Retail Mobile Services consists of the prices of provisioning
cellular companies, which is primarily our prospects’ voice, messaging, information utilization
supplied by our Network Operator, and the prices of offering cell phone
{hardware}, which is the price of cell phone gadgets and SIM playing cards offered to our
prospects, order achievement associated bills, and stock write-downs.

Mobile Platform Services

Cost of revenues, if any, to offer the MSE Platform companies together with community
entry, provisioning and billing companies for MVNOs. This consists of the
amortization of any capitalized contract achievement prices over the interval
in line with the sample of transferring community entry, provisioning and
billing companies to which the associated fee relates.

Other Professional Services

Cost of revenues to offer skilled companies, together with transitional
companies, to our MVNO prospects to assist assist their companies. This consists of
any personnel and contractor charges for any shopper service sources retained by
the Company. Only a subset of the Company’s worker base offers skilled
companies to our MVNO prospects. This value displays that group of sources.


                                       30

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Domain Services



Wholesale - Domain Services

Cost of revenues for area registrations represents the amortization of
registry and accreditation charges on a foundation in line with the popularity of
revenues from our prospects, specifically ratably over the time period of provision of the
service. Registry charges, the first element of value of revenues, are paid in
full when the area is registered, and are initially recorded as pay as you go area
registry charges. This accounting therapy fairly approximates a recognition
sample that corresponds with the supply of the companies through the interval.
Market growth funds that don’t symbolize a cost for distinct items or
companies supplied by the Company, and thus don’t meet the factors for income
recognition beneath ASU 2014-09, are mirrored as value of products offered and are
acknowledged as earned.

Wholesale – Value-Added Services

Costs of revenues for value-added companies embody licensing and royalty prices
associated to the provisioning of sure elements of associated to hosted electronic mail and
charges paid to third-party internet hosting companies. Fees payable for belief certificates
are amortized on a foundation in line with the supply of service, usually one
12 months, whereas electronic mail internet hosting charges and month-to-month printing charges are included in value of
revenues within the month they’re incurred.

Retail

Costs of revenues for our provision and administration of Internet companies via
our retail websites, Hover.com and the eNom branded websites, embody the amortization
of registry charges on a foundation in line with the popularity of revenues from our
prospects, specifically ratably over the time period of provision of the service. Registry
charges, the first element of value of revenues, are paid in full when the
area is registered, and are recorded as pay as you go area registry charges and are
expensed ratably over the renewal time period. Costs of revenues for our surname
portfolio symbolize the amortization of registry charges for domains added to our
portfolio over the renewal interval, which is usually one 12 months, the worth
attributed beneath intangible property to any area title offered and any impairment
prices that will come up from our evaluation of our area title intangible property.


Network bills


Network bills embody personnel and associated bills associated to the community
operations, IT infrastructure and provide chain groups that assist our varied
enterprise segments. It additionally consists of community depreciation and amortization,
communication and productiveness software prices, and tools upkeep prices.
Communication and productiveness software prices consists of collaboration, buyer
assist, bandwidth, co-location and provisioning prices we incur to assist the
provide of all our companies.

The following desk presents our value of revenues, by income supply:

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021             2020


Fiber Internet Services:
Fiber Internet Services                         $     12,120       $   6,982

Mobile Services:
Retail cellular companies                                 6,012          22,942
Mobile platform companies                                 419              56
Other skilled companies                            7,000           2,970
Total Mobile                                          13,431          25,968

Domain Services:
Wholesale
Domain Services                                      147,213         146,788
Value Added Services                                   2,544           3,016
Total Wholesale                                      149,757         149,804

Retail                                                17,731          17,647
Total Domain Services                                167,488         167,451

Network Expenses:
Network, different prices                                  14,769          10,194
Network, depreciation and amortization prices          18,035          13,484
Network, impairment                                      201           1,638
                                                      33,005          25,316

                                                $    226,044       $ 225,717
Increase over prior interval                      $        327
Increase - share                                      0 %




                                       31

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

The following desk presents our value of revenues, as a share of complete value
of revenues for the durations offered:



                                                   Year ended December 31,
                                                  2021                2020

Fiber Internet Services:
Fiber Internet Services                                  5 %                 3 %

Mobile Services:
Retail cellular companies                                   3 %                10 %
Mobile platform companies                                 0 %                 1 %
Other skilled companies                              3 %                 1 %
Total Mobile                                             6 %                12 %

Domain Services:
Wholesale
Domain Services                                         65 %                64 %
Value Added Services                                     1 %                 1 %
Total Wholesale                                         66 %                65 %

Retail                                                   8 %                 8 %
Total Domain Services                                   74 %                73 %

Network Expenses:
Network, different prices                                     7 %                 5 %
Network, depreciation and amortization prices             8 %                 6 %
Network, impairment                                      0 %                 1 %
                                                        15 %                12 %

                                                       100 %               100 %



Total value of revenues for Fiscal 2021 elevated by $0.3 million to $226.0
million
, from $225.7 million in Fiscal 2020. The lower was primarily pushed
by the $12.5 million of decreased prices attributable to our Mobile Services
phase that was impacted by each the DISH Purchase Agreement and the shutdown
of Roam Mobility manufacturers in late Fiscal 2020. When in comparison with Fiscal 2020, the
Mobile Services phase seems to be totally different on account of our shift from MVNO to
MSE. Both these elements contribute to Fiscal 2021 having considerably decrease
prices for the Mobile Services phase. This lower in total value of revenues
is partially offset by will increase from Fiber Internet Services prices, Network
Expenses prices in addition to will increase in Domain Services prices of $5.1 million,
$7.6 million and fewer than $0.1 million, respectively. The improve from Fiber
Internet Services is expounded to the continued enlargement of each serviceable
addresses and energetic subscriptions in addition to the fourth quarter acquisition of
Simply Bits. This is aligned with the dialogue above within the Net Revenue
part for this phase. The improve from Network Expenses is a results of the
enlargement of the Company’s elevated community infrastructure related to the
persevering with enlargement of the Ting Fiber footprint and a rise in
communication and productiveness software prices throughout our service traces. Domain
Services prices of revenues elevated on account of recognition of registration
prices from beforehand deferred billed prices associated to the robust efficiency
and additions to domains beneath administration on account of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Deferred prices of achievement as of December 31, 2021 elevated by $1.6 million,
or 1%, to $112.7 million from $111.1 million at December 31, 2020. This improve
was primarily pushed by Mobile Services, accounting for $3.4 million of the
improve which is as a result of improve in present interval prices incurred in
reference to the achievement of our MSE settlement and different skilled
companies with DISH. This improve was partially offset by a lower in deferred
prices of achievement associated to area title registration and repair renewals of
$1.8 million, lowering as registration prices are acknowledged from beforehand
deferred billed prices from registrations pushed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Relative to COVID-19 pandemic ranges, Fiscal 2021 was characterised by slowing
development in additions and renewals to domains beneath administration, which has
appropriately translated to much less deferred prices of achievement for our Domain
Services phase. Additionally, our Fiber Internet Services phase contributed
to partially offset this total lower with a rise in deferred prices of
achievement of lower than $0.1 million relative to the previous 12 months.



Fiber Internet Services


In Fiscal 2021, prices associated to provisioning excessive velocity Internet entry and
billing options elevated $5.1 million, or 73%, to $12.1 million as in contrast
to $7.0 million throughout Fiscal 2020. The improve in prices had been primarily pushed
by elevated direct prices and, bandwidth and colocation prices associated to the
continued enlargement of the Ting Fiber community. Although directionally aligned
with the skilled development in income over the identical interval, the outpaced
improve in value of revenues for Fiber Internet companies is a results of the
essential upfront funding and expenditure wanted to construct out the community in
advance of anticipated income development in any specific location. Of this $5.1
million
improve, $0.4 million associated to our fourth quarter acquisition of
Simply Bits.




Mobile Services



Retail Mobile Services



Cost of revenues from Retail Mobile Services for Fiscal 2021 decreased by $16.9
million
to $6.0 million, when in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The lower is
in line with the above dialogue round internet revenues, and is a results of the
important modifications to our Mobile Services phase that occurred throughout Fiscal
2020 as we transitioned from MVNO to MSE. Ting Mobile accounts for $16.1 million
of this lower (of which $5.2 million is decreased system prices and
$10.9 million pertains to decreased service prices), adopted by Roam Mobility at
lower than $0.8 million of the entire lower. The value of revenues incurred from
Retail Mobile Services throughout Fiscal 2021 is simply reflective of the cellular
telephony companies and system prices related to the small group of shoppers
retained by the Company from the DISH Purchase Agreement. The decline additionally
included decreased minimal dedication prices which decreased by $0.3 million as
in comparison with Fiscal 2020.




                                       32

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Mobile Platform Services


Cost of revenues from Mobile Platform Services for Fiscal 2021 elevated by $0.3
million
to $0.4 million, when in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The improve was the
results of the brand new MSE enterprise created on account of the DISH Purchase
Agreement up to now 12 months. Only 5 months of comparable value of revenues
existed throughout Fiscal 2020. Tucows’ MSE platform offers community entry,
provisioning and billing companies for MVNOs, of which DISH is at the moment our sole
buyer. Costs incurred symbolize the amortization of beforehand capitalized
prices incurred to satisfy the DISH MSE settlement over the time period of the settlement.

Other Professional Services

Cost of revenues from Other Professional Services for Fiscal
2021 elevated by $4.0 million to $7.0 million, when in comparison with Fiscal 2020.
The improve was the results of the brand new MSE enterprise created on account of the
DISH Purchase Agreement up to now 12 months. Tucows’ skilled companies embody
standalone know-how companies growth and different transitional companies
together with gross sales, advertising and marketing, buyer assist, order achievement, and information
analytics for MVNOs, of which DISH is at the moment our sole buyer. During Fiscal
2021, we incurred value of revenues for each provision of standalone know-how
companies growth work in addition to a full 12 months of transitional companies. This
is in distinction to Fiscal 2020 which was characterised by solely 5 months of
solely transitional companies value of revenues. Costs incurred symbolize any
personnel and contractor charges for any shopper service sources retained by the
Company to offer both standalone know-how companies growth work or
transitional companies to DISH.



Domain Services



Wholesale - Domain Services


Costs for wholesale area companies for Fiscal 2021 elevated by $0.4 million
to $147.2 million, when in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The improve is in line with
the above dialogue round internet revenues, the place registration prices had been
acknowledged in Fiscal 2021 from beforehand deferred billed prices incurred from
skilled area title registration development and domains beneath administration in
reference to the COVID-19 pandemic. The total improve was additionally impacted by
decreases in present 12 months billed prices from our eNom model, which has seen a
decline in registrations and domains beneath administration within the present 12 months,
past the impacts of normalization from COVID-19 impacts.

Wholesale – Value Added Services

Costs for wholesale value-added companies for Fiscal 2021 decreased by $0.5
million
to $2.5 million, when in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The lower in value of
income is primarily associated to decreases in Digital Certificates and different
worth added service prices in comparison with Fiscal 2020.



Retail


Costs for retail for Fiscal 2021 elevated by lower than $0.1 million, to $17.7
million
, when in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The was pushed by elevated prices associated
to Exact Hosting and was partially offset by declining quantity of retail area
title registrations associated to the eNom retail manufacturers.



Network Expenses


Network prices for Fiscal 2021 elevated by $7.7 million to $33.0 million when
in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The comparative improve was primarily pushed by each
elevated community prices and depreciation on account of the enlargement of the
Company’s elevated community infrastructure related to the persevering with
enlargement of the Ting Fiber footprint. These will increase had been partially offset by
a lower in impairment of property, plant and tools, as a consequence of
Fiscal 2020 together with a $1.6 million impairment cost for Ting TV, a product
previously beneath growth for Ting Internet.
Additionally, Fiscal 2021 benefited from a lower in amortization prices from
the total amortization of the Ascio Technology intangible asset acquired in 2019.




                                       33

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



SALES AND MARKETING


Sales and advertising and marketing bills consist primarily of personnel prices. These prices
embody commissions and associated bills of our gross sales, product administration,
public relations, name heart, assist and advertising and marketing personnel. Other gross sales and
advertising and marketing bills embody buyer acquisition prices, promoting and different
promotional prices.

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021             2020
Sales and advertising and marketing                             $     39,471       $  34,274
Increase over prior interval                      $      5,197
Increase - share                                     15 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                13 %            11 %



Sales and advertising and marketing bills for Fiscal 2021 elevated by $5.2 million, or
15%, to $39.5 million when in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The improve in prices relate
primarily to elevated salaries and advantages pushed by an increasing workforce
and wage inflation centered on our Fiber Internet companies groups, in addition to
elevated advertising and marketing associated prices to drive energetic subscription development given the
improve in serviceable addresses out there to our Fiber Internet Services
phase. In addition to this, we additionally skilled a rise in prices associated
to stock-based compensation bills in an effort to draw and retain labor
and a rise in facility prices elevated immediately associated to the enlargement of
our Ting Fiber web footprint and workforce in choose Ting cities throughout the
United States
.

Excluding actions in alternate charges, we count on gross sales and advertising and marketing bills
for the fiscal 12 months ending December 31, 2022 (“Fiscal 2022”) to extend in
absolute {dollars}, as we regulate our advertising and marketing applications and gross sales and buyer
assist personnel prices to assist our Fiber Internet advertising and marketing and buyer
service wants.

TECHNICAL OPERATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT

Technical operations and growth bills consist primarily of personnel
prices and associated bills required to assist the event of recent or
enhanced service choices and the upkeep and upgrading of present
infrastructure. This consists of bills incurred within the analysis, design and
growth of know-how that we use to register domains, community entry
companies, electronic mail, retail, area portfolio and different Internet companies, as effectively
as to distribute our digital content material companies. All technical operations and
growth prices are expensed as incurred.

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021             2020
Technical operations and growth            $     14,310       $  12,427
Increase over prior interval                      $      1,883
Increase - share                                     15 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                 5 %             4 %



Technical operations and growth bills for Fiscal 2021 elevated by $1.9
million
, or 15%, to $14.3 million. The improve in prices relates primarily to
elevated spending on exterior contractors to offer growth sources to
help our inner shared companies and engineering groups with growth
facets of the MSE platform. In addition to elevated spending on exterior
contractors, a slight improve in salaries and advantages pushed by an increasing
workforce and wage inflation centered on our shared companies and engineering
groups contributed to the general improve in prices for the interval together with
stock-based compensation bills to draw and retain labor

Excluding actions in alternate charges, we count on technical operations and
growth bills for Fiscal 2022, in absolute {dollars}, to extend when
in comparison with Fiscal 2021 to assist the continuing development in our operations.



GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE


General and administrative bills consist primarily of compensation and
associated prices for managerial and administrative personnel, charges for skilled
companies, public itemizing bills, hire, international alternate and different common
company bills.

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021             2020
General and administrative                      $     22,370       $  20,268
Increase over prior interval                      $      2,102
Increase - share                                     10 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                 7 %             7 %



General and administrative bills for Fiscal 2021 elevated by $2.1 million,
or 10%, to $22.4 million as in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The improve was primarily
pushed will increase in personnel and associated bills in addition to stock-based
compensation bills with a purpose to appeal to, retain and scale core administrative
groups together with Human Resources and Finance to fulfill projected Company development.
Additionally, we skilled a rise in skilled accounting and authorized
charges related to our rising Fiber Internet phase. These will increase had been
partially offset by decreased Mobile Services bank card charges on account of the
DISH Purchase Agreement that closed up to now 12 months, in addition to a lower in
facility associated prices and international alternate bills.

Excluding actions in alternate charges, we count on common and administrative
bills for Fiscal 2022, in absolute {dollars}, to extend when in comparison with
Fiscal 2021 largely to assist the expansion of our enterprise.




                                       34

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

DEPRECIATION OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                   2021                2020
Depreciation of property and tools          $       534         $       488
Increase over prior interval                      $        46
Increase - share                                     9 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                0 %                 0 %



Depreciation prices for Fiscal 2021 remained comparatively flat at $0.5 million as
in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The slight improve was as a result of depreciation of
additions to property and tools, specifically laptop {hardware} bought
in assist of our increasing workforce.

LOSS (GAIN) ON DISPOSAL OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                     2021              2020
Loss on disposition of property and tools   $          234       $     (17 )
Increase over prior interval                      $          251
Decrease - share                                   (1,476 )
Percentage of internet revenues                                   0 %            (0 )%



Loss on disposal of property and tools elevated by $0.2 million to $0.2
million
as in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The improve was a consequence
of Fiscal 2021 together with a disposal of minor inner use software program for which the
Company not expects to comprehend the preliminary use and meant profit that
it initially did when these growth prices had been initially capitalized.

AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                   2021              2020
Amortization of intangible property               $     9,424        $  10,080
Decrease over prior interval                      $      (656 )
Decrease - share                                    (7 )%
Percentage of internet revenues                                3 %              3 %



Amortization of intangible property decreased $0.7 million for Fiscal 2021,
to $9.4 million. The lower is primarily pushed by the write-off of Mobile
Services associated intangible property in reference to the each the sale of the
Ting Mobile buyer base and the shutdown of Roam Mobility manufacturers in Fiscal
2020.

Network rights, model and buyer relationships acquired in reference to the
following acquisitions are amortized on a straight-line foundation over a spread of
two to seven years: eNom in January 2017, Ascio in March of 2019, Cedar in
January 2020 and Simply Bits in November 2021.

IMPAIRMENT OF DEFINITE LIFE INTANGIBLE ASSETS

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021              2020
Impairment of particular life intangible property   $          -        $  1,431
Decrease over prior interval                      $     (1,431 )
Decrease - share                                   (100 )%
Percentage of internet revenues                                 - %             0 %



Impairment of particular life intangible property for Fiscal 2021 was nil in contrast
to $1.4 million in Fiscal 2020. The lower is pushed by the write-off of Roam
Mobility manufacturers buyer relationships that had been written off in Fiscal 2020 when
the Company determined to close down the associated companies on account of lack of
demand for SIM-enabled roaming companies as a result of COVID-19 pandemic.




                                       35

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

LOSS (GAIN) ON CURRENCY FORWARD CONTRACTS

Although our practical forex is the U.S. greenback, a serious portion of our
fastened bills are incurred in Canadian {dollars}. Our objective with regard to international
forex publicity is, to the extent potential, to attain operational value
certainty, handle monetary publicity to sure international alternate fluctuations
and to neutralize among the affect of international forex alternate actions.
Accordingly, we enter into international alternate contracts to mitigate the alternate
charge danger on parts of our Canadian greenback publicity.

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                   2021              2020
Loss (achieve) on forex ahead contracts       $      (277 )     $      (383 )
Increase over prior interval                      $       106
Decrease - share                                    28 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                0 %               0 %



We have entered into sure ahead alternate contracts that don’t adjust to
the necessities of hedge accounting to fulfill a portion of our future Canadian
greenback necessities via December 2021. During Fiscal 2021, the Company
recorded a internet achieve of $0.3 million on the change in honest worth of excellent
contract in addition to realized matured contracts. In Fiscal 2020 the Company
recorded a internet achieve of $0.4 million within the change in honest worth of excellent
contract in addition to realized matured contracts.

At December 31, 2021, our stability sheet displays a spinoff instrument asset
of $0.3 million on account of our present international alternate contracts. Until
their respective maturity dates, these contracts will fluctuate in worth in line
with actions within the Canadian greenback relative to the U.S. greenback.



OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES)


(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021              2020
Other revenue (expense), internet                     $      15,043       $  3,843
Increase over prior interval                      $      11,200
Increase - share                                     291 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                  5 %            1 %



Other revenue elevated by $11.2 million when in comparison with Fiscal 2020. This was
pushed by a $12.4 million improve as a result of achieve on sale of Ting Customer
Assets to DISH. As described above, the Company receives a payout on the margin
related to the legacy buyer base offered to DISH over the 10-year time period of
the settlement, as type of consideration for the sale of the legacy buyer
relationships. Comparatively, the achieve in Fiscal 2020 represented the web impact
of proceeds earned from DISH regarding the legacy buyer base of $11.1
million
offset by the write off of sure Mobile intangible and contract property
totaling $3.5 million. This total improve in different revenue was partially
offset by greater curiosity expense from greater variable rates of interest incurred
on our Amended 2019 Credit Facility. Other expense consists primarily of the
curiosity we incur in reference to our Amended 2019 Credit Facility. The
curiosity incurred primarily pertains to our mortgage balances obtained to fund the
acquisition of eNom, Ascio, Cedar and Simply Bits and funding for expenditures
related to the Company’s Fiber to the Home construct program.



INCOME TAXES


The following desk presents our provision for revenue taxes for the durations
offered:

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021              2020
Provision for revenue taxes                      $      3,906        $  4,985
Decrease in provision over prior interval         $     (1,079 )
Decrease - share                                    (22 )%
Effective tax charge                                        54 %            46 %



We function in varied tax jurisdictions, and accordingly, our revenue is topic
to various charges of tax. Losses incurred in a single jurisdiction can’t be used to
offset revenue taxes payable in one other jurisdiction. Our capacity to make use of revenue
tax loss carry forwards and future revenue tax deductions relies upon our
operations within the tax jurisdictions during which such losses or deductions come up.
Income taxes are computed utilizing the asset and legal responsibility technique, beneath which
deferred tax property and liabilities are decided based mostly on the distinction
between the monetary assertion carrying values and tax base of property and
liabilities utilizing enacted tax charges in impact for the 12 months during which the
variations are anticipated to have an effect on taxable revenue. Valuation allowances are
established when essential to scale back deferred tax property to the quantity anticipated
to be realized.

Income taxes decreased by $1.1 million and the efficient tax charge elevated from
46% to 54% when in comparison with Fiscal 2020. The improve in efficient tax charge is
primarily as a consequence of modifications in blended tax charges and is partially offset by an
improve in inventory possibility profit deduction. Our Fiscal 2021 revenue tax expense
features a tax restoration of $1.6 million associated to the adoption of ASU 2016-09,
which requires all extra tax advantages and tax deficiencies associated to worker
share-based funds to be acknowledged via revenue tax expense on a
potential foundation. The Fiscal 2020 tax restoration associated to extra tax advantages
associated to worker share-based compensation was $0.4 million.

In Fiscal 2021, the Company didn’t make the most of the bonus depreciation with respect
to its continued funding within the Ting Fiber enterprise. Despite this, as a result of
discount in tax charge to 21%, it’s unlikely we are going to finally have the ability to absolutely
declare the Fiscal 2021 international taxes paid in future years as a international tax
credit score. As such, we’ve got taken a valuation allowance on international tax credit not
utilized for 2021 revenue tax functions, the web unfavourable impact of which is a
$2.3 million addition to revenue tax expense, as in comparison with $2.9 million
extra tax expense in Fiscal 2020.




                                       36

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

A reconciliation of the federal statutory revenue tax charge to our efficient tax
charge is ready forth in “Note 9 – Income Taxes” of the Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report.



ADJUSTED EBITDA


We imagine that the supply of this supplemental non-GAAP measure permits
buyers to guage the operational and monetary efficiency of our core
enterprise utilizing comparable analysis measures to these utilized by administration. We use
adjusted EBITDA to measure our efficiency and put together our budgets. Since
adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP monetary efficiency measure, our calculation of
adjusted EBITDA is probably not akin to different equally titled measures of
different corporations; and shouldn’t be thought-about in isolation, as an alternative to,
or superior to measures of monetary efficiency ready in accordance with
GAAP. Because adjusted EBITDA is calculated earlier than recurring money prices,
together with curiosity expense and taxes, and isn’t adjusted for capital
expenditures or different recurring money necessities of the enterprise, it shouldn’t
be thought-about as a liquidity measure. See the Consolidated Statements of Cash
Flows included within the connected monetary statements. Non-GAAP monetary measures
don’t mirror a complete system of accounting and should differ from non-GAAP
monetary measures with the identical or comparable captions which can be utilized by different
corporations and/or analysts and should differ from interval to interval. We endeavor to
compensate for these limitations by offering the related disclosure of the
gadgets excluded within the calculation of adjusted EBITDA to internet revenue based mostly on
GAAP, which must be thought-about when evaluating the Company’s outcomes. Tucows
strongly encourages buyers to evaluation its monetary data in its
entirety and to not depend on a single monetary measure.

Our adjusted EBITDA definition excludes depreciation, amortization of intangible
property, revenue tax provision, curiosity expense (internet), accretion of contingent
consideration, stock-based compensation, asset impairment, loss on the disposal
of Ting Mobile buyer property, positive aspects and losses from unrealized international
forex transactions and prices which can be one-time in nature and never indicative
of on-going efficiency (profitability), together with acquisition and transition
prices. Gains and losses from unrealized international forex transactions removes
the unrealized impact of the change within the mark-to-market values on excellent
unhedged international forex contracts, in addition to the unrealized impact from the
translation of financial accounts denominated in non-U.S. {dollars} to U.S.
{dollars}.

The following desk reconciles internet revenue to adjusted EBITDA:




Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to
Income earlier than Provision for Income Taxes              Twelve months ended December 31,
(In Thousands of US Dollars)                     2021                 2020              2019
(unaudited)                                  (unaudited)          (unaudited)        (unaudited)

Adjusted EBITDA                             $       48,821       $       50,972     $      51,905
Depreciation of property and tools              17,986               12,632             8,961
Impairment and loss on disposition of
property and tools                                 435                1,621                73
Amortization of intangible property                   10,007               11,420            10,333
Impairment of particular life intangible
property                                                   -                1,431                 -
Write-down on disposal of Ting Mobile
buyer property                                          -                3,513                 -
Interest expense, internet                                4,617                3,611             4,769
Accretion of contingent legal responsibility                      383                  344                 -
Stock-based compensation                             4,592                3,718             2,876
Unrealized loss (achieve) on change in honest
worth of ahead contracts                             606                 (500 )            (313 )
Unrealized loss (achieve) on international
alternate revaluation of international
denominated financial property and
liabilities                                            219                  461              (581 )
Acquisition and different costs1                         2,706                1,961             1,216

Income earlier than provision for revenue taxes $ 7,270 $ 10,760 $ 24,571

1 Acquisition and different prices represents transaction-related bills,
transitional bills, resembling redundant post-acquisition bills, primarily
associated to our acquisition of Cedar in January 2020 and Simply Bits in November
2021
and the disposition of sure Ting Mobile property in August 2020. Expenses
embody severance or transitional prices related to division, operational
or total firm restructuring efforts, together with geographic alignments.

Adjusted EBITDA for the 12 months ended December 31, 2021 decreased by $2.2 million,
or 4% to $48.8 million when in comparison with the 12 months ended December 31, 2020. The
lower in adjusted EBITDA from period-to-period was primarily pushed by the
elevated funding in Ting Fiber as a result of ramp of expenditures associated to
the Fiber community construct and enlargement plan. This lower was partially offset
by elevated contributions from each Mobile Services as a result of achieve on sale of
Ting Customer Assets earned as Other Income and new MSE Platform revenues
rising within the present interval and from Domain Services? as a consequence of robust
efficiency in each Domain Services and Value added Services resembling expiry
revenues. When evaluating Adjusted EBITDA in Fiscal 2020 to the 12 months
ended December 31, 2019 (“Fiscal 2019”), the decrease contribution stemmed from the
erosion of wholesale and retail registrations from our eNom model in addition to
Mobile Services as a result of sale of Ting Mobile buyer relationships to DISH as
effectively because the shutdown of Roam Mobility. The total lower in Adjusted EBIDTA
in Fiscal 2020 was partially offset by an elevated contribution from wholesale
area registrations from our OpenSRS and EPAG manufacturers who skilled an
improve in domains beneath administration on the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic as
extra companies moved on-line in early Fiscal 2020. The improve was additionally
impacted by elevated contribution from Ascio, with a full 12 months of contribution
in Fiscal 2020 relative to the stub interval in Fiscal 2019 as a consequence of acquisition
timing. Additionally, the acquisition of Cedar and continued enlargement of the
Ting Fiber community contributed to elevated contribution from Fiber
year-over-year.




                                       37

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

To mitigate the affect of the change in honest worth of our international alternate
contracts on our monetary outcomes, in October 2012 we begun making use of hedge
accounting for almost all of the contracts we have to meet our Canadian greenback
necessities on a potential foundation. The affect of the honest worth adjustment on
excellent hedged contracts for Fiscal 2021 was a internet loss in different
complete revenue of $2.0 million in comparison with a internet achieve of $1.9 million for
Fiscal 2020.

The following desk presents different complete revenue for the durations
offered:

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2021              2020
Other complete revenue (loss)               $     (1,993 )      $  1,863
Decrease over prior interval                      $     (3,856 )
Decrease - share                                   (207 )%
Percentage of internet revenues                                (1 )%            1 %



The affect of the honest worth changes on excellent hedged contracts throughout
2021 was a achieve in OCI of $0.6 million as in comparison with a achieve of $1.7 million
throughout 2020.

The internet quantity reclassified to earnings throughout 2021 was a lack of $2.6 million
in comparison with a achieve of $0.2 million throughout 2020.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED December 31, 2020 AS COMPARED TO THE
YEAR ENDED December 31, 2019

The Company has initially utilized Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) No.
2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) on January 1, 2019, which was adopted utilizing the
modified retrospective foundation. Accordingly, comparative figures haven’t been
restated.




NET REVENUES



The following desk presents our internet revenues, by income supply:

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2020             2019

Fiber Internet Services:
Fiber Internet Services                         $     18,428       $  11,006

Mobile Services
Retail cellular companies                                46,540          84,657
Mobile platform companies                                 564               -
Other skilled companies                            3,416               -
Total Mobile                                          50,520          84,657

Domain Services:
Wholesale
Domain Services                                      186,893         182,957
Value Added Services                                  18,526          18,922
Total Wholesale                                      205,419         201,879

Retail                                                36,835          39,603
Total Domain Services                                242,254         241,482

                                                $    311,202       $ 337,145
(Decrease) improve over prior interval           $    (25,943 )
(Decrease) improve - share                          (8 %)




                                       38

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents




The following desk presents our revenues, by income supply, as a share of
complete revenues:



                                  Year ended December 31,
                                 2020                2019

Fiber Internet Services:
Fiber Internet Services                 6 %                 3 %

Mobile Services
Retail cellular companies                 15 %                25 %
Mobile platform companies                0 %                 0 %
Other skilled companies             1 %                 0 %
Total Mobile                           16 %                25 %

Domain Services:
Wholesale
Domain Services                        61 %                55 %
Value Added Services                    6 %                 6 %
Total Wholesale                        67 %                61 %

Retail                                 11 %                12 %
Total Domain Services                  78 %                72 %

                                      100 %               100 %



Total internet revenues for Fiscal 2020 decreased by $25.9 million, or 8%, to $311.2
million
from $337.1 million for Fiscal 2019. The total lower in income was
primarily pushed by the $34.1 million discount of revenues attributable to our
Mobile Services phase that was impacted by each the sale of the vast majority of
the client base of Ting Mobile to DISH Wireless on August 1, 2020 and the
shutdown of Roam Mobility manufacturers impacted by lack of cellular subscribers and
decreased utilization associated to COVID-19 when in comparison with Fiscal 2019. As a part of the
DISH Purchase Agreement, as a type of consideration for the sale of the client
relationships, the Company receives a payout on the margin related to the
legacy buyer base offered to DISH over the 10-year time period of the settlement. This
has been categorized as Other Income and never thought-about income in Fiscal 2020.
This lower in revenues was offset by a $7.4 million improve associated to Fiber
Internet companies revenues, pushed by our acquisition of Cedar in addition to
via the enlargement of our present Ting Internet footprint. Additionally,
smaller will increase from Domain Services of $0.8 million additionally helped offset any
income decreases in interval, which was pushed by an total improve in domains
beneath administration relative to the prior 12 months as extra companies established
on-line presences as a result of COVID-19 pandemic.

Deferred income from area title registrations and different Internet companies at
December 31, 2020 elevated to $152.2 million from $149.3 million at December
31, 2019
, primarily as a consequence of present interval billings for area title registration
and repair renewals.

No buyer accounted for greater than 10% of income throughout Fiscal 2020 or throughout
Fiscal 2019. As of December 31, 2020 DISH accounted for 59% of complete accounts
receivable and at December 31, 2019 no buyer accounted for greater than 10% of
accounts receivable.

Though a good portion of the Company’s area companies revenues are
pay as you go by our prospects, the place the Company does accumulate receivables,
important administration judgment is required on the time income is recorded to
assess whether or not the gathering of the ensuing receivables in all fairness
assured. On an ongoing foundation, we assess the flexibility of our prospects to make
required funds. Based on this evaluation, we count on the carrying quantity of
our excellent receivables, internet of allowance for uncertain accounts, to be absolutely
collected.




Fiber Internet Services



Revenues from Ting Internet and billing options generated $18.4 million in
income throughout Fiscal 2020, up $7.4 million or 67% in comparison with Fiscal 2019. This
development is pushed by the current first quarter acquisition of Cedar. Cedar
contributed $4.7 million of the rise in income through the present interval,
with $2.7 million associated to the continued enlargement of our Ting Internet
footprint in new and present Ting cities all through the United States.

As of December 31, 2020, Ting Internet had entry to 56,000 serviceable
addresses and 15,000 energetic accounts beneath its administration in comparison with having
entry to 36,000 serviceable addresses and 10,000 energetic accounts beneath its
administration as of December 31, 2019. These figures embody the rise in
serviceable addresses and accounts attributable to the Cedar acquisition.



Mobile Services


Net revenues from Mobile Services for Fiscal 2020, as in comparison with Fiscal 2019,
decreased by $34.2 million or 40% to $50.5 million. This lower is pushed by a
decline in Retail Mobile Services income, which decreased by $38.2 million
in comparison with Fiscal 2019, to $46.5 million. Ting Mobile accounts for $35.0
million
of this lower (of which $2.0 million is decreased system revenues and
$33.0 million pertains to service revenues), adopted by Roam Mobility at $3.1
million
of the entire lower. The decline in Retail Mobile Services income is
pushed by the sale of considerably all the Ting Mobile buyer base on
August 1, 2020 to DISH and the shutdown of Roam Mobility in Fiscal 2020. In
addition to those modifications, continued subscriber churn and decreased utilization associated
to the COVID-19 pandemic for 3 full quarters in 2020 additionally resulted in decrease
revenues relative to Fiscal 2019. This lower is offset by a rise in
Mobile Platform companies revenues by $0.6 million and Other Professional
Services revenues by $3.4 million, each a results of the brand new MSE enterprise
created, for which DISH is at the moment the one buyer. The present interval solely
displays seven months of retail cellular companies income on the present
subscriber base of Ting Mobile, versus a whole twelve-month interval in 2019.
Subsequent to the sale to DISH, the Retail Mobile Services income pertains to a
small subset of shoppers retained by the Company. The consideration for the
sale of the subscriber base to DISH is captured as Other Income within the present
interval and described under.




                                       39

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Domain Services



Wholesale - Domain Services


During Fiscal 2020, Wholesale area companies income elevated by $3.9 million
or 2% to $186.9 million. The improve in income in comparison with Fiscal 2019 was
primarily pushed by a $4.6 million improve in income associated to the prior 12 months
acquisition of Ascio. In Fiscal 2020, Ascio revenues embody a full 12 months of
earned income in comparison with the stub interval of attributable income throughout Fiscal
2019. Additionally, we noticed an additional improve in Wholesale area revenues of
$5.2 million from our different area companies manufacturers, specifically OpenSRS and EPAG due
to the rise in domains beneath administration for these manufacturers related to an
uptick in registrations via 2020 in reference to COVID-19. As extra
companies set up a web based presence throughout this time, we’ve got seen development
from giant quantity resellers throughout these manufacturers. This has had a marginal affect
on income within the present interval however may have a carryforward affect in
subsequent durations as revenues are acknowledged from beforehand deferred billings.
These will increase had been offset by a lower of $5.9 million in Wholesale area
revenues associated to our eNom model, pushed by continued decline in area
registrations by non-core prospects relative to Fiscal 2019.

Together the OpenSRS, eNom, EPAG and Ascio Domain Services handle 25.2 million
domains beneath the Tucows, eNom, EPAG and Ascio ICANN registrar
accreditations and for different registrars beneath their very own accreditations. Domains
beneath administration has elevated by 1.6 million domains in Fiscal 2020 since
December 31, 2019. The improve is pushed by elevated registrations skilled
by our manufacturers through the COVID-19 pandemic, which noticed extra companies set up
and increase their on-line presence, offset by the continued erosion of
registrations associated to non-core prospects from our eNom model.

Wholesale – Value Added Services

Net revenues from value-added companies elevated by $0.9 million to $19.8
million
in comparison with Fiscal 2019. The improve in value-added service income
over Fiscal 2019 was primarily pushed by a rise in expiry stream income.



Retail


Net revenues from retail decreased by $0.5 million to $34.3 million in comparison with
Fiscal 2019. The lower in income was primarily pushed by the erosion of
retail prospects away from our eNom Central model. Additionally portfolio
revenues decreased by $3.5 million to $1.3 million in comparison with Fiscal 2019. This
lower was anticipated after the Company disposed of its total area portfolio
within the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019, excluding surname domains used within the
ActualNames electronic mail service.



COST OF REVENUES


The following desk presents our value of revenues, by income supply:

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2020             2019

Fiber Internet Services:
Fiber Internet Services                         $      6,982       $   3,928

Mobile Services
Retail cellular companies                                22,942          44,415
Mobile platform companies                                  56               -
Other skilled companies                            2,970               -
Total Mobile                                          25,968          44,415

Domain Services:
Wholesale
Domain Services                                      146,788         148,530
Value Added Services                                   3,161           2,986
Total Wholesale                                      149,949         151,516

Retail                                                17,502          17,720
Total Domain Services                                167,451         169,236

Network Expenses:
Network, different prices                                  10,194           9,190
Network, depreciation and amortization prices          13,484           9,599
Network, impairment                                    1,638               -
                                                      25,316          18,789

                                                $    225,717       $ 236,368
(Decrease) improve over prior interval           $    (10,651 )
(Decrease) improve - share                          (5 %)




                                       40

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

The following desk presents our value of revenues, as a share of complete value
of revenues for the durations offered:



                                                   Year ended December 31,
                                                  2020                2019

Fiber Internet Services:
Fiber Internet Services                                  3 %                 2 %

Mobile Services
Retail cellular companies                                  10 %                19 %
Mobile platform companies                                 1 %                 0 %
Other skilled companies                              1 %                 0 %
Total Mobile                                            12 %                19 %

Domain Services:
Wholesale
Domain Services                                         64 %                63 %
Value Added Services                                     1 %                 1 %
Total Wholesale                                         65 %                64 %

Retail                                                   8 %                 7 %
Total Domain Services                                   73 %                71 %

Network Expenses:
Network, different prices                                     5 %                 4 %
Network, depreciation and amortization prices             6 %                 4 %
Network, impairment                                      1 %                 0 %
                                                        12 %                 8 %

                                                       100 %               100 %



Total value of revenues for Fiscal 2020 decreased by $10.7 million, or 5%, to
$225.7 million from $236.4 million in Fiscal 2019. The lower was primarily
pushed by the $18 million of decreased prices attributable to our Mobile Services
phase. Consistent with above, Fiscal 2020 outcomes included three full quarters
of affect from lack of cellular subscribers and decreased utilization associated to COVID-19,
along with the 2020 outcomes together with the sale of Ting Mobile prospects and
the shutdown of Roam Mobility. Both of those contributed to Fiscal 2020 outcomes
having considerably decrease prices. Additionally, additional decreases in area title
companies of $1.8 million, associated to continued erosion in Wholesale and Retail
area registrations by non-core prospects primarily from our present Domain
Services manufacturers, specifically eNom. These decreases had been offset by elevated community
bills of $6.5 million and Fiber entry prices of $3.1 million on account of
continued Fiber community enlargement. The improve in community bills included a
$1.6 million impairment associated to Ting TV, a product beneath growth for Ting
Fiber
that was discontinued. These elevated Fiber prices of revenues had been pushed
by each our acquisition of Cedar in addition to via the enlargement of our
present Ting Internet footprint.

Prepaid area registration and different Internet companies charges as of December 31,
2020
elevated by $1.9 million, or 2%, to $111.1 million from $109.2 million at
December 31, 2019 primarily as a consequence of present interval area title registration and
annual service renewals.




Fiber Internet Services



In Fiscal 2020, prices associated to provisioning excessive velocity Internet entry and
billing options elevated $3.1 million, or 79%, to $7.0 million as in comparison with
$3.9 million throughout Fiscal 2019. The improve in prices had been primarily pushed by
elevated direct prices and bandwidth prices associated to the continued enlargement of
the Ting Fiber community, for each present cities and cities in addition to these
acquired by way of the Cedar acquisition.



Mobile Services


Cost of revenues from Mobile Services for Fiscal 2020, as in comparison with Fiscal
2019, decreased by $18.4 million or 41% to $26.0 million. This is pushed by
decreased Retail Mobile Services prices of $21.5 million, of which $19.6 million
pertains to Ting Mobile (of which $2.3 million is decreased system prices and $17.3
million
pertains to service prices) and $1.9 million pertains to Roam Mobility.
Consistent with the above dialogue round internet revenues, the driving elements
for these decreases from Fiscal 2019 are associated to the sale of considerably
all the Ting Mobile buyer base and the shutdown of Roam Mobility in Fiscal
2020. Residual Retail Mobile Services prices are additionally impacted by three quarters
of the COVID-19 pandemic, characterised by a decline in cellular subscribers and
decreased utilization which interprets into decrease year-to-date prices. The decline additionally
included decreased minimal dedication prices with community operators which
decreased by $4.3 million in comparison with the Fiscal 2019. This lower is
partially offset by a rise of $3.0 million associated to prices related to
Other Professional Services supplied to DISH.




                                       41

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Domain Services



Wholesale - Domain Services


Costs for wholesale area companies for Fiscal 2020 decreased by $1.7 million to
$146.8 million, when in comparison with Fiscal 2019. The lower was primarily pushed
by a $6.1 million lower in wholesale area companies prices related to
the erosion of area registrations by non-core prospects for our eNom model.
This lower in eNom registrations was offset by elevated Wholesale area
companies prices of $4.3 million from our different wholesale manufacturers, specifically OpenSRS,
EPAG and Ascio. The offsetting improve is basically a results of the acquisition
of Ascio, the place Ascio prices symbolize a full 12 months in Fiscal 2020 in comparison with the
stub interval of attributable prices throughout Fiscal 2019. To a lesser extent any
residual improve was a results of elevated domains beneath administration for OpenSRS
on account of COVID-19 impacts mentioned above.

Wholesale – Value Added Services

Costs for wholesale value-added companies for Fiscal 2020 elevated by $0.2
million
to $3.2 million, when in comparison with Fiscal 2019. The improve in value of
income is primarily associated to a rise in certificates prices associated to
Ascio and elevated Expiry gross sales in comparison with Fiscal 2019.



Retail


Costs for retail for Fiscal 2020 decreased by $0.1 million, to $17.0 million,
when in comparison with Fiscal 2019. The lower was a results of an total declining
quantity of transactions associated to the eNom retail manufacturers. Costs for portfolio
decreased by $0.1 million for Fiscal 2020, to $0.5 million when in comparison with
Fiscal 2019. This lower was anticipated after the Company disposed of its total
area portfolio within the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019, excluding surname domains
used within the ActualNames electronic mail service.



Network Expenses


Network prices for Fiscal 2020 elevated by $6.5 million to $25.3 million when
in comparison with Fiscal 2019. The comparative improve was primarily pushed by
depreciation on account of the enlargement of the Company’s elevated community
infrastructure related to the persevering with enlargement of the Ting Fiber
footprint, inclusive of $0.7 million associated to the Cedar acquisition. In
addition to those Fiber community will increase, the second quarter of 2020 included a
$1.6 million impairment associated to Ting TV, a product beneath growth for Ting
Fiber
.




SALES AND MARKETING



Sales and advertising and marketing bills consist primarily of personnel prices. These prices
embody commissions and associated bills of our gross sales, product administration,
public relations, name heart, assist and advertising and marketing personnel. Other gross sales and
advertising and marketing bills embody buyer acquisition prices, promoting and different
promotional prices.

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2020             2019
Sales and advertising and marketing                             $     34,274       $  34,270
Increase over prior interval                      $          4
Increase - share                                      0 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                11 %            10 %



Sales and advertising and marketing bills for Fiscal 2020 remained flat at $34.3 million when
in comparison with Fiscal 2019. Although the Company initially forecasted a rise
in gross sales and advertising and marketing bills for Fiscal 2020, the sale of considerably all
of the Ting Mobile buyer base and the shutdown of Roam Mobility via the
latter half of Fiscal 2020 successfully offset any will increase in expenditure seen
from the Cedar and Ascio acquisitions or the continued construct out of the Ting
Fiber community.

TECHNICAL OPERATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT

Technical operations and growth bills consist primarily of personnel
prices and associated bills required to assist the event of recent or
enhanced service choices and the upkeep and upgrading of present
infrastructure. This consists of bills incurred within the analysis, design and
growth of know-how that we use to register domains, community entry
companies, electronic mail, retail, area portfolio and different Internet companies, as effectively
as to distribute our digital content material companies. Editorial prices referring to the
ranking and evaluation of the software program content material libraries are included within the prices of
product growth. All technical operations and growth prices are expensed
as incurred

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2020              2019
Technical operations and growth            $      12,427       $  9,717
Increase over prior interval                      $       2,710
Increase - share                                      28 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                  4 %            3 %



Technical operations and growth bills for Fiscal 2020 elevated by $2.7
million
, or 28%, to $12.4 million. The improve in prices relates primarily to
elevated salaries and advantages pushed by an increasing workforce and wage
inflation centered on our shared companies and engineering groups of $2.3 million,
in addition to elevated spending associated to contract and outsourcing spends to help
in platform growth efforts throughout our enterprise traces of $0.4 million.
Additionally, Fiscal 2020 mirrored a full 12 months of individuals prices associated to the
workforce acquired within the Ascio acquisition, as in comparison with a stub interval of
prices in Fiscal 2019.




                                       42

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE


General and administrative bills consist primarily of compensation and
associated prices for managerial and administrative personnel, charges for skilled
companies, public itemizing bills, hire, international alternate and different common
company bills.

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2020             2019
General and administrative                      $     20,268       $  17,880
Increase over prior interval                      $      2,388
Increase - share                                     13 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                 7 %             5 %



General and administrative bills for Fiscal 2020 elevated by $2.4 million,
or 13%, to $20.3 million as in comparison with Fiscal 2019. The improve was primarily
pushed by a rise in individuals prices of $1.5 million, a rise in international
alternate expense of $1.4 million, and a rise in skilled charges of $0.6
million
in reference to the sale of the Ting Mobile buyer relationships to
DISH. These will increase generally and administrative bills had been offset by a
lower in each bank card charges and unhealthy money owed related to the Mobile
Services enterprise, within the quantities of $0.8 million and $0.2 million,
respectively. Additionally, the present 12 months noticed a lower in transitional
prices associated to Ascio and eNom of $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

DEPRECIATION OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                   2020                2019
Depreciation of property and tools          $       488         $       486
Increase over prior interval                      $         2
Increase - share                                     0 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                0 %                 0 %



Depreciation prices for Fiscal 2020 remained flat at $0.5 million for Fiscal
2019.

LOSS (GAIN) ON DISPOSAL OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                   2020                2019
Loss on disposition of property and tools   $       (17 )       $        73
Decrease over prior interval                      $       (90 )
Decrease - share                                  (123 )%
Percentage of internet revenues                               (0 )%             0.02 %



Loss (achieve) on disposal of property and tools decreased $0.1 million in
Fiscal 2020. The lower was a results of Fiscal 2019 together with tools
disposal from the previous Kirkland, Washington workplace. The Company noticed a small
achieve within the present 12 months on the disposition of property and tools from the
shutdown of the St. Catharines, Ontario workplace.




                                       43

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2020              2019
Amortization of intangible property               $      10,080       $  9,209
Increase over prior interval                      $         871
Increase - share                                       9 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                  3 %            3 %



Amortization of intangible property elevated $0.9 million for Fiscal 2020, to
$10.1 million. The improve is primarily pushed by the acquisition of Cedar as
effectively as a full 12 months’s value of amortization of acquired Ascio intangible property
for which Fiscal 2019 represented a stub interval.

Network rights, model and buyer relationships acquired in reference to the
following acquisitions are amortized on a straight-line foundation over a spread of
two to seven years: eNom in January 2017, Ascio in March of 2019, and Cedar in
January 2020. As mentioned above, the stability of the Roam Mobility manufacturers was
absolutely impaired as at June 30, 2020 as a part of shutdown of the Roam manufacturers. This
is mirrored under within the impairment of particular life intangible property of $1.4
million
.

IMPAIRMENT OF DEFINITE LIFE INTANGIBLE ASSETS

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                        2020               2019

Impairment of indefinite life intangible property $ 1,431 $ –
Increase over prior interval

                        $          1,431
Increase - share                                          N/A %
Percentage of internet revenues                                       0 %           - %




Impairment of particular life intangible property for Fiscal 2020 was $1.4 million
as in comparison with nil in Fiscal 2019. The improve is pushed by the write-off of
buyer relationships acquired in reference to our Roam Mobility Brands. As
mentioned above, Roam Mobility noticed a decline in cellular subscribers and decreased
utilization associated to the COVID-19 pandemic. As at June 30, 2020, the Company determined
to close down the Roam Mobility manufacturers and associated enterprise on account of this
lack of demand for SIM-enabled roaming companies as a result of continued lower of
each enterprise and leisure journey attributable to the pandemic. As a part of that shut
down, the related buyer relationships beforehand acquired had been written off
in interval.

LOSS (GAIN) ON CURRENCY FORWARD CONTRACTS

Although our practical forex is the U.S. greenback, a serious portion of our
fastened bills are incurred in Canadian {dollars}. Our objective with regard to international
forex publicity is, to the extent potential, to attain operational value
certainty, handle monetary publicity to sure international alternate fluctuations
and to neutralize among the affect of international forex alternate actions.
Accordingly, we enter into international alternate contracts to mitigate the alternate
charge danger on parts of our Canadian greenback publicity.

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                   2020              2019
Loss (achieve) on forex ahead contracts       $      (383 )     $      (198 )
Decrease over prior interval                      $      (185 )
Decrease - share                                    93 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                0 %               0 %



We have entered into sure ahead alternate contracts that don’t adjust to
the necessities of hedge accounting to fulfill a portion of our future Canadian
greenback necessities via December 2020. During Fiscal 2020, the Company
recorded a internet achieve of $0.5 million on the change in honest worth of excellent
contract in addition to a $0.1 million realized loss on matured contracts. In Fiscal
2019 the Company recorded a internet achieve of $0.3 million within the change in honest worth
of excellent contracts in addition to a $0.1 million realized loss on matured
contracts.

At December 31, 2020, our stability sheet displays a spinoff instrument asset
of $3.9 million on account of our present international alternate contracts. Until
their respective maturity dates, these contracts will fluctuate in worth in line
with actions within the Canadian greenback relative to the U.S. greenback.

OTHER INCOME AND (EXPENSES)

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                   2020              2019
Other revenue (expense), internet                     $     3,843        $  (4,769 )
Increase over prior interval                      $     8,612
Increase - share                                  (181 )%
Percentage of internet revenues                                1 %              1 %




Other revenue elevated by $8.6 million when in comparison with Fiscal 2019. This was
primarily as a result of $7.6 million improve as a result of achieve on sale of Ting
buyer property to DISH within the present interval. This achieve represented the web
impact of proceeds earned from DISH regarding the legacy buyer base of
$11.1 million offset by the write off of sure Mobile intangible and contract
property totaling $3.5 million. In addition to this, one other contributing issue
within the improve was decrease curiosity incurred on our Amended 2019 Credit Facility,
obtained to fund the acquisition of eNom, Ascio and Cedar and funding for
expenditures related to the Company’s Fiber to the Home program.




                                       44

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



INCOME TAXES


The following desk presents our provision for revenue taxes for the durations
offered:

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2020              2019
Provision for revenue taxes                      $      4,985        $  9,173
Decrease in provision over prior interval         $     (4,188 )
Decrease - share                                    (46 )%
Effective tax charge                                        46 %            37 %



We function in varied tax jurisdictions, and accordingly, our revenue is topic
to various charges of tax. Losses incurred in a single jurisdiction can’t be used to
offset revenue taxes payable in one other jurisdiction. Our capacity to make use of revenue
tax loss carry forwards and future revenue tax deductions relies upon our
operations within the tax jurisdictions during which such losses or deductions come up.
Income taxes are computed utilizing the asset and legal responsibility technique, beneath which
deferred tax property and liabilities are decided based mostly on the distinction
between the monetary assertion carrying values and tax base of property and
liabilities utilizing enacted tax charges in impact for the 12 months during which the
variations are anticipated to have an effect on taxable revenue. Valuation allowances are
established when essential to scale back deferred tax property to the quantity anticipated
to be realized.

Fiscal 2020 consists of tax on earnings of $10.8 million in comparison with $24.6 million
for Fiscal 2019. Our Fiscal 2020 revenue tax expense features a tax expense of
lower than $0.1 million associated to the adoption of ASU 2016-09, which requires
all extra tax advantages and tax deficiencies associated to worker share-based
funds to be acknowledged via revenue tax expense on a potential foundation. The
Fiscal 2019 tax restoration associated to extra tax advantages associated to worker
share-based compensation was $0.6 million. On December 22, 2017, the Act was
signed into regulation making important modifications to the Internal Revenue Code. Changes
embody, however are usually not restricted to, a federal company tax charge lower from 35%
to 21% for tax years starting after December 31, 2017, the transition of U.S.
worldwide taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial system,
bonus depreciation that may permit for full expensing of certified property, and
a one-time transition tax on the necessary deemed repatriation of international
earnings.

In Fiscal 2020, the Company didn’t make the most of the bonus depreciation with respect
to its continued funding within the Ting Internet enterprise. Despite this, as a consequence of
the discount in tax charge to 21%, it’s unlikely we are going to finally have the ability to
absolutely declare the Fiscal 2020 international taxes paid in future years as a international tax
credit score. As such, we’ve got taken a valuation allowance on international tax credit not
utilized for 2020 revenue tax functions and internet working losses not anticipated to
be utilized sooner or later, the web unfavourable impact of which is a $2.9 million
addition to revenue tax expense, as in comparison with $5.3 million extra tax
expense in Fiscal 2019.

A reconciliation of the federal statutory revenue tax charge to our efficient tax
charge is ready forth in “Note 9 – Income Taxes” of the Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report.

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

To mitigate the affect of the change in honest worth of our international alternate
contracts on our monetary outcomes, in October 2012 we begun making use of hedge
accounting for almost all of the contracts we have to meet our Canadian greenback
necessities on a potential foundation. The affect of the honest worth adjustment on
excellent hedged contracts for Fiscal 2020 was a internet achieve in different
complete revenue of $1.9 million in comparison with a internet achieve of $1.3 million for
Fiscal 2019.

The following desk presents different complete revenue for the durations
offered:

(Dollar quantities in 1000’s of U.S. {dollars}) Year ended December 31,

                                                    2020               2019
Other complete revenue (loss)               $      1,863       $      1,283
Increase over prior interval                      $        580
Increase - share                                     45 %
Percentage of internet revenues                                 1 %                0 %



The affect of the honest worth changes on excellent hedged contracts throughout
2020 was a achieve in OCI of $1.7 million as in comparison with a lack of $1.1 million
throughout 2019.

The internet quantity reclassified to earnings throughout 2020 was a lack of $0.2 million
in comparison with a lack of $0.2 million throughout 2019.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2021, our money and money equivalents stability elevated $0.8
million
when in comparison with December 31, 2020. Our principal makes use of of money had been
$73.9 million for the continued funding in property, tools and intangible
property, $24.0 million for the acquisition of Simply Bits, $2.5 million for the
acquisition of Uniregistry, $2.0 million associated to an funding in an
unrelated entity, and $0.7 million of different prices, together with tax cost
related to inventory possibility workout routines and mortgage payable prices. These makes use of of
money had been offset by money supplied by working actions of $29.6 million,
advances of $69 million from our Second Amended 2019 Credit Facility (as outlined
under), $4.8 million of proceeds acquired on train of inventory choices, and $0.5
million
from proceeds on disposal of property and tools.



                                       45

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

Amended 2019 Credit Facility

On June 14, 2019, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Tucows.com Co.,
Ting Fiber, Inc., Ting Inc., Tucows (Delaware) Inc. and Tucows (Emerald), LLC,
entered into an Amended and Restated Senior Secured Credit Agreement with Royal
Bank of Canada (“RBC”), as administrative agent, and lenders social gathering thereto
(collectively with RBC, the “Lenders”) beneath which the Company has entry to an
mixture of as much as $240 million in funds, which consists of $180 million
assured credit score facility and a $60 million accordion facility. In connection
with the Amended 2019 Credit Facility, the Company incurred a further $0.3
million
of charges paid to lenders and $0.2 million of authorized charges associated to the
debt issuance. Of these charges, $0.4 million are debt issuance prices, which have
been mirrored as a discount to the carrying quantity of the mortgage payable and
will likely be amortized over the time period of the credit score facility settlement and $0.1
million
have been recorded in General and administrative bills. On November
27, 2019
, the Company entered into Amending Agreement No. 1 to the Amended and
Restated Senior Secured Credit Agreement (collectively with the Amended and
Restated Senior Secured Credit Agreement, the “Amended 2019 Credit Facility”) to
amend sure outlined phrases in reference to the Cedar acquisition.

The Amended 2019 Credit Facility changed a secured Credit Agreement dated
January 20, 2017 with Bank of Montreal, RBC and Bank of Nova Scotia.

The obligations of the Company beneath the Amended 2019 Credit Agreement are
secured by a primary precedence lien on considerably all the private property
and property of the Company and has a four-year time period, maturing on June 13, 2023.

Second Amended 2019 Credit Facility

On October 26, 2021, the Company entered right into a Second Amended and Restated
Senior Secured Credit Agreement (the “Second Amended 2019 Credit Agreement”)
with the Lenders and Toronto-Dominion Bank (collectively the “New Lenders”) to,
amongst different issues, improve the prevailing revolving credit score facility from $180
million
to $240 million. The Amended Credit Agreement offers the Company with
entry to an mixture of $240 million in dedicated funds. Under the Amended
Credit Agreement, the Company has agreed to adjust to the next monetary
covenants always, that are to be calculated on a rolling 4 quarter
foundation: (i) most Total Funded Debt to Adjusted EBITDA Ratio of 4.50:1.00 till
March 31, 2023 and 4.00:1.00 thereafter? and (ii) minimal Interest Coverage
Ratio of three.00:1.00. The Amended Credit Agreement additionally offers for 2
extra rate of interest tiers if the Company exceeds a 3.50x Total Funded Debt
to Adjusted EBITDA Ratio.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company held contracts within the quantity of $25.2
million
with BMO to commerce U.S. {dollars} in alternate for Canadian {dollars} beneath an
uncommitted treasury danger administration facility which assists the Company with
hedging Canadian greenback exposures.

Cash Flow from Operating Activities



Year ended December 31, 2021


Net money inflows from working actions had been $29.6 million, a lower of 18%
when in comparison with the prior 12 months. Net revenue, after adjusting for non-cash
prices, throughout Fiscal 2021 was $31.6 million, a lower of 12% when put next
to the prior 12 months. Net revenue included non-cash prices and recoveries of $28.3
million
resembling depreciation, amortization, impairment of indefinite life
intangible asset, loss on write-off of property and tools, write-down on
disposal of Ting Mobile buyer property and contract prices, extra tax advantages
on stock-based compensation, stock-based compensation, the supply for
unrealized losses on forex ahead contracts and a restoration for deferred tax.
This era of money from internet revenue was decreased by a working capital change
of $2.0 million. We generated $11.1 million from actions in accounts
receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and buyer deposits. These
optimistic contributions had been offset by money use of $13.1 million from deferred
income, pay as you go bills and deposits, deferred prices of achievement, revenue
taxes recoverable, contract asset, stock, and accreditation charges payable.



Year ended December 31, 2020


Net money inflows from working actions had been $36.1 million, a lower of 11%
when in comparison with the prior 12 months. Net revenue, after adjusting for non-cash
prices, throughout Fiscal 2020 was $36.0 million, a lower of 6% when in comparison with
the prior 12 months. Net revenue included non-cash prices and recoveries of $30.2
million
resembling depreciation, amortization, impairment of indefinite life
intangible asset, loss on write-off of property and tools, write-down on
disposal of Ting Mobile buyer property and contract prices, extra tax advantages
on stock-based compensation, stock-based compensation, the supply for
unrealized losses on forex ahead contracts and a restoration for deferred tax.
This era of money from internet revenue was additional elevated by a working
capital change of $0.1 million. We generated $6.7 million from actions in
stock, revenue taxes recoverable, accrued liabilities, buyer deposits and
deferred income. These optimistic contributions had been offset by money use of $6.6
million
to spend money on accounts receivable, pay as you go bills and deposits,
deferred prices of achievement, accounts payable, and accreditation charges.



Year ended December 31, 2019


Net money inflows from working actions had been $40.4 million, a rise of 9%
when in comparison with the prior 12 months. Net revenue, after adjusting for non-cash
prices, throughout Fiscal 2019 was $38.4 million, a rise of 8% when put next
to the prior 12 months. Net revenue included non-cash prices and recoveries of $23.0
million
resembling depreciation, amortization, impairment of indefinite life
intangible asset, extra tax advantages on stock-based compensation, stock-based
compensation, the supply for unrealized losses on forex ahead contracts
and a restoration for deferred tax. This era of money from internet revenue was
additional elevated by a working capital change of $2.0 million. We generated
$13.3 million from actions in stock, pay as you go registration prices, pay as you go
bills and deposits, accrued liabilities and buyer deposits. These optimistic
contributions had been offset by money use of $11.3 million to spend money on accounts
receivable, deferred income, revenue taxes recoverable, accounts payable, and
accreditation charges.




                                       46

——————————————————————————–

Table of Contents

Cash Flow from Financing Activities



Year ended December 31, 2021


Net money inflows from financing actions throughout Fiscal 2021 totaled $73.1
million
as in comparison with money inflows of $5.1 million throughout Fiscal 2020. Net money
inflows of $69 million ensuing from attracts on the Second Amended 2019 Credit
Facility and $4.8 million from proceeds acquired on the train of inventory
choices. These money inflows had been partially offset by $0.4 million outflow from
the web affect of train of inventory choices and $0.3 million of mortgage prices.

Year ended December 31, 2020

Net money inflows from financing actions throughout Fiscal 2020 totaled $5.1
million
as in comparison with money inflows of $43.5 million throughout Fiscal 2019. Net
money inflows of $8.0 million ensuing from attracts on the Second Amended
2019 Credit Facility and $1.0 million from proceeds acquired on the train of
inventory choices. These money inflows had been partially offset by $3.3 million outflow
for inventory repurchases, $0.6 million outflow from the web affect of train of
inventory choices and $0.1 million of mortgage prices.



Year ended December 31, 2019


Net money inflows from financing actions throughout Fiscal 2019 totaled $43.5
million
as in comparison with money outflows of $12.9 million throughout Fiscal 2018. Net
money inflows of $57.4 million ensuing from attracts on the Second Amended 2019
Credit Facility to fund the FTTH capital expenditures, the acquisition of Ascio
and common working capital necessities. These money inflows had been partially
offset by outflows of $8.1 million of principal repayments referring to our 2019
Credit Amended Credit Facility, $5.0 million in inventory repurchases, $0.6 million
of mortgage prices and $0.2 million outflow from the web affect of train of inventory
choices.

Cash Flow from Investing Activities



Year ended December 31, 2021


Investing actions through the Fiscal 2021 used internet money of $102.0 million as
in comparison with utilizing $53.3 million throughout Fiscal 2020. Cash outflows of $73.9
million
associated to the funding in property, tools and intangible property,
primarily to assist the continued enlargement of our fiber footprint. The Company
continues to spend money on our present Ting Towns of Centennial, Colorado,
Charlottesville, Virginia, Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina, Wake Forest, North
Carolina
, Holly Springs, North Carolina, Sandpoint, Idaho, Rolesville, North
Carolina
and Culver City, California as we search to increase each our present
community and increase to new markets. We count on our capital expenditures on
constructing and increasing our fiber community to proceed to extend throughout Fiscal
2022. In addition to funding in property, tools and intangible property,
the present interval used $24 million in reference to the acquisition of Simply
Bits, used $2.5 million in reference to the acquisition of Uniregistry and
used $2.0 million for an funding in an unrelated entity. These money
outflows had been partially offset by $0.5 million from proceeds on disposal of
property and tools.




Year ended December 31, 2020



Investing actions through the Fiscal 2020 used internet money of $53.3 million as
in comparison with utilizing $76.1 million throughout Fiscal 2019. Cash outflows of $44.5
million
associated to the funding in property, tools and intangible property,
primarily to assist the continued enlargement of our fiber footprint. In
addition, the Company used $8.8 million in reference to the acquisition of
Cedar. The Company continues to spend money on our present Ting Towns of Centennial,
Colorado
, Charlottesville, Virginia, Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina, Wake Forest,
North Carolina
, Holly Springs, North Carolina, and Sandpoint, Idaho as effectively
ramping building in Roaring Fork, Colorado, Rolesville, North Carolina, and
Culver City, California, as we search to increase each our present community and
increase to new cities. We count on our capital expenditures on constructing and
increasing our fiber community to proceed to extend considerably throughout Fiscal
2021.




Year ended December 31, 2019



Investing actions through the Fiscal 2019 used internet money of $76.1 million as
in comparison with utilizing $29.7 million throughout Fiscal 2018. Cash outflows of $28.5
million
associated to the acquisition of Ascio Technologies, Inc., $3.6 million
associated to the acquisition of intangible property, of which $3.5 million associated
to the acquisition of cellular subscribers of the FreedomPop and Unreal MVNO
manufacturers, and $44.1 million of money outflows was invested in property and
tools, primarily to assist the continued enlargement of our fiber footprint.
The Company continues to spend money on our present Ting Towns of Charlottesville,
Virginia
, Holly Springs, North Carolina and Westminster, Maryland as effectively
ramping building in Sandpoint, Idaho, Centennial, Colorado, and Fuquay
Varina, North Carolina
, as we search to increase each our present community and increase
to new cities. We count on our capital expenditures on constructing and increasing our
fiber community to proceed to extend considerably throughout Fiscal 2019.

We may have extra funds or search different financing preparations to facilitate
extra speedy enlargement, develop new or improve present services or products,
reply to aggressive pressures or purchase or spend money on complementary
companies, applied sciences, companies or merchandise. We may additionally consider potential
acquisitions of different companies, merchandise and applied sciences. We at the moment have
no commitments or agreements relating to the acquisition of different companies. If
extra financing is required, we may have extra fairness or debt
financing and any extra financing could also be dilutive to present buyers. We
might not have the ability to increase funds on acceptable phrases, or in any respect.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We didn’t have any off-balance sheet preparations as of December 31, 2021.



Material Cash Requirements


The Company’s materials money necessities embody the next contractual and
different obligations.





Debt


As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s Second Amended 2019 Credit Facility had
an impressive stability of $191.4 million. There are not any scheduled principal
repayments inside 12 months. As of December 31, 2021, the Company has entered
into floating-to-fixed rate of interest swap devices with a notional worth of
$70 million. Future curiosity funds related to the Second Amended 2019
Credit Facility are estimated to complete $10.4 million, with $6.9 million payable
inside 12 months utilizing present rates of interest, internet of our rate of interest swaps.
See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for data relating to
the phrases of the Second Amended Credit Facility.




                                       47

——————————————————————————–

  Table of Contents



Leases


The Company has lease preparations for sure Internet infrastructure, information
heart area and company services. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had
fastened lease cost obligations of $16.7 million, with $3.5 million payable
inside 12 months.




Other Expenditures



We have entered into buy obligations of $12.2 million to be settled in
fiscal 2022, that are associated to the Company’s ongoing operations. Other than
working bills, money necessities for fiscal 2022 are anticipated to consist
primarily of fiber community capital expenditures to increase our footprint in new
and present Ting cities. Total fiber community capital expenditures for fiscal
2022 are anticipated to double from 2021 to roughly $130 million, of which
$21.5 million are topic to buy obligations. Other than the $21.5
million
buy obligations, the Company’s remaining deliberate capital
expenditures are discretionary in nature. In order to fund the discretionary
portion of capital expenditures, the Company will search different sources of
financing, which might embody however are usually not restricted to extra financing
preparations past the Company’s present revolving credit score facility in addition to
non-public or public share choices.

© Edgar Online, supply Glimpses

https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/inventory/TUCOWS-INC-15378985/information/TUCOWS-INC-PA-MANAGEMENT-S-DISCUSSION-AND-ANALYSIS-OF-FINANCIAL-CONDITION-AND-RESULTS-OF-OPERATIO-39631727/

Related Posts